commit cf07702535a1c7a339f7fc33cb269f15ca29cf3a Author: ilkermanap Date: Sat Sep 5 14:44:37 2026 +0200 Initial commit: MAAS-deployable Samba Active Directory domain controller Builds a Debian image that MAAS deploys to bare metal as an Active Directory domain controller, with first-boot automation that either creates a domain or joins an existing one without anyone logging in. To a Windows client the result is an AD domain: same Kerberos, same LDAP, same Group Policy, same domain join. The request was for "primary and backup domain controllers", which is NT 4 terminology. Active Directory has no such split — every DC holds a writable copy and any of them can service a logon. What lives on one DC at a time are the five FSMO roles, one confusingly named "PDC Emulator". The image therefore offers provision (create the domain) and join (add another equal DC), which is the distinction that actually exists. Contents: * customize-samba-ad.sh, run inside the packer-maas build VM: installs samba, winbind, Kerberos, chrony and rsync, swaps the cloud kernel for the generic one, and deletes every trace of a domain so one image can produce many DCs * adc-maas-init, a first-boot state machine covering /etc/hosts, node-unique identifiers, time, the resolver, provisioning or joining, the service switchover and a self-test that proves Kerberos issues a ticket * adc-sysvol-sync, a systemd timer implementing the SYSVOL workaround * a MAAS curtin preseed, cloud-init examples, and the release pipeline Two findings shaped the design. Debian builds Samba against its bundled Heimdal rather than system MIT Kerberos — samba-ad-dc does not depend on krb5-kdc — so the AD DC role is in Samba's supported configuration, not the experimental MIT one. The build asserts this and fails if it ever changes. Samba implements neither DFS-R nor FRS, so SYSVOL — where Group Policy lives — does not replicate between DCs. Left alone, a policy created on one DC never reaches the others and clients behave differently depending on which DC answered them, with nothing reporting an error. adc-sysvol-sync applies the Samba wiki's rsync workaround: sync idmap.ldb once so SID-to-uid mappings agree, rsync the tree, then samba-tool ntacl sysvolreset because rsync carries POSIX bits while the Windows ACLs live in AD. Without an SSH key to the source DC it exits with an explanation rather than letting Group Policy diverge quietly. Also carried over from maas-proxmox, where they were verified on real hardware: the curtin-hooks that skip the kernel install and pin interface names by MAC, Type=simple on the first-boot unit to avoid the systemd ordering cycle, and shipping networking.service disabled so MAAS owns the network on first boot. Specific to this image, the Debian cloud kernel is replaced with the generic one — a bare-metal node booted with the cloud kernel can come up with no disk. Nothing here has been built or deployed. The README says so at the top and in a Verified status section that separates what was checked from what was not. Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5 (1M context) diff --git a/.gitea/workflows/build-image.yml b/.gitea/workflows/build-image.yml new file mode 100644 index 0000000..82b5237 --- /dev/null +++ b/.gitea/workflows/build-image.yml @@ -0,0 +1,117 @@ +# Copyright (C) 2026 Ilker Manap +# SPDX-License-Identifier: AGPL-3.0-or-later +# +# Builds the MAAS image and publishes it as a Gitea release. +# +# Runs daily, but only *builds* when Debian actually carries a newer samba or +# kernel than the last published release, or once the newest image passes +# MAX_AGE_DAYS. An unconditional daily build would produce a pile of +# near-identical multi-gigabyte artifacts for nothing. Trigger manually with +# `force` to rebuild anyway. +# +# The runner is registered in host mode: steps run directly on the build machine +# as root, because the build needs /dev/kvm, qemu-nbd, FUSE and root privileges. +# Anything that can dispatch a workflow here therefore has root on that machine. + +name: build-image + +on: + schedule: + - cron: '0 3 * * *' + workflow_dispatch: + inputs: + force: + description: 'Build even if the version has not changed' + type: boolean + default: false + +concurrency: + group: build-image + cancel-in-progress: false + +jobs: + build: + runs-on: maas-builder + timeout-minutes: 120 + + env: + GITEA_API: ${{ github.server_url }}/api/v1/repos/${{ github.repository }} + GITEA_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.GITEA_TOKEN }} + KEEP_RELEASES: '3' + # Rebuild even without a Proxmox version change once an image reaches this + # age, so Debian base security updates make it into the image. + MAX_AGE_DAYS: '30' + + steps: + - name: Check out + # A plain clone rather than actions/checkout: the runner is in host mode + # and has no Node.js runtime for JavaScript actions. + run: | + set -eux + # Step out of the workspace before removing it: the shell starts *in* + # $GITHUB_WORKSPACE, and deleting the current working directory makes + # every later command fail with "Unable to read current working directory". + cd / + rm -rf "$GITHUB_WORKSPACE" + git clone --depth 1 --branch "$GITHUB_REF_NAME" \ + "$GITHUB_SERVER_URL/$GITHUB_REPOSITORY.git" "$GITHUB_WORKSPACE" + cd "$GITHUB_WORKSPACE" && git log --oneline -1 + + - name: Decide whether to build + id: decide + run: | + set -eu + cd "$GITHUB_WORKSPACE" + ./scripts/ci/decide-build.sh "$MAX_AGE_DAYS" > "$GITHUB_OUTPUT" + if [ "${{ inputs.force }}" = "true" ]; then + echo "forced by manual trigger" + sed -i 's/^build=no$/build=yes/' "$GITHUB_OUTPUT" + fi + cat "$GITHUB_OUTPUT" + + - name: Build + if: steps.decide.outputs.build == 'yes' + run: | + set -eux + cd "$GITHUB_WORKSPACE" + make image + + - name: Verify + if: steps.decide.outputs.build == 'yes' + run: | + set -eux + cd "$GITHUB_WORKSPACE" + make verify + + - name: Assemble release artifacts + if: steps.decide.outputs.build == 'yes' + run: | + set -eu + cd "$GITHUB_WORKSPACE" + ./scripts/ci/assemble-artifacts.sh "${{ steps.decide.outputs.version }}" + + - name: Publish + if: steps.decide.outputs.build == 'yes' + run: | + set -eu + cd "$GITHUB_WORKSPACE" + ./scripts/ci/publish-release.sh \ + "${{ steps.decide.outputs.tag }}" \ + "${{ steps.decide.outputs.version }}" \ + dist + + - name: Prune old releases + if: steps.decide.outputs.build == 'yes' + run: | + set -eu + cd "$GITHUB_WORKSPACE" + ./scripts/ci/prune-releases.sh "$KEEP_RELEASES" + + - name: Clean up + if: always() + run: | + # A 1.5 GB artifact per run would fill the builder otherwise. + # Runs even when an earlier step left the workspace missing, so cd out first. + cd / + rm -rf "$GITHUB_WORKSPACE/dist" "$GITHUB_WORKSPACE/build" || true + df -h / | tail -1 diff --git a/.gitignore b/.gitignore new file mode 100644 index 0000000..4b6e2e0 --- /dev/null +++ b/.gitignore @@ -0,0 +1,6 @@ +/build/ +*.tar.gz +*.dd.gz +OVMF_CODE.fd +OVMF_VARS.fd +.secrets/ diff --git a/LICENSE b/LICENSE new file mode 100644 index 0000000..be3f7b2 --- /dev/null +++ b/LICENSE @@ -0,0 +1,661 @@ + GNU AFFERO GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE + Version 3, 19 November 2007 + + Copyright (C) 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc. + Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies + of this license document, but changing it is not allowed. + + Preamble + + The GNU Affero General Public License is a free, copyleft license for +software and other kinds of works, specifically designed to ensure +cooperation with the community in the case of network server software. + + The licenses for most software and other practical works are designed +to take away your freedom to share and change the works. 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If not, see . + +Also add information on how to contact you by electronic and paper mail. + + If your software can interact with users remotely through a computer +network, you should also make sure that it provides a way for users to +get its source. For example, if your program is a web application, its +interface could display a "Source" link that leads users to an archive +of the code. There are many ways you could offer source, and different +solutions will be better for different programs; see section 13 for the +specific requirements. + + You should also get your employer (if you work as a programmer) or school, +if any, to sign a "copyright disclaimer" for the program, if necessary. +For more information on this, and how to apply and follow the GNU AGPL, see +. diff --git a/Makefile b/Makefile new file mode 100644 index 0000000..097c7d3 --- /dev/null +++ b/Makefile @@ -0,0 +1,270 @@ +# Copyright (C) 2026 Ilker Manap +# SPDX-License-Identifier: AGPL-3.0-or-later + +# maas-samba-ad - Samba Active Directory domain controller image for MAAS +# +# Hizli baslangic (build host uzerinde, root olarak): +# sudo ./scripts/install-deps.sh +# sudo make image +# make preseed +# make upload MAAS_PROFILE=admin +# +SHELL := /bin/bash +.DEFAULT_GOAL := help + +# ---------------------------------------------------------------- version settings +# Samba's AD DC comes straight from Debian - no third-party repository is +# involved, so there is nothing to pin beyond the Debian release itself. +DEBIAN_SERIES ?= trixie +DEBIAN_VERSION ?= 13 + +# Packages beyond the domain controller itself. +AD_EXTRA_PACKAGES ?= acl attr net-tools ldap-utils python3-gpg bind9-dnsutils \ + ethtool ipmitool nvme-cli lsscsi sudo + +# ---------------------------------------------------------------- imaj ayarlari +# amd64 | arm64. arm64 is wired up but has never been built or deployed - +# see "Verified status" in the README. Building arm64 on an x86_64 host means +# TCG emulation with no KVM, which is very slow; prefer a native arm64 builder. +ARCH ?= amd64 +SUBARCH ?= generic +BOOT ?= uefi +TIMEOUT ?= 3h +PACKER_LOG ?= 0 + +# Build VM kaynaklari. Upstream sablon 4G/2CPU/2GB ile gelir; Debian cloud image +# (~3G) plus Samba and its dependencies does not fit in 4G, so we patch it. +# Sonuc tgz yalnizca kullanilan dosyalari icerdiginden buyuk disk imaji sismez. +DISK_SIZE ?= 16G +BUILD_CPUS ?= 4 +BUILD_MEM ?= 4096 + +# --- derleme hizi ------------------------------------------------------------- +# stable | daily +# stable: cloud.debian.org/.../trixie/latest (sabit URL -> packer onbellegi +# calisir, tekrarlanan derlemelerde ~350MB indirme yok, tekrarlanabilir) +# daily : upstream sablonun varsayilani (her gun degisir, onbellek isabet etmez) +DEBIAN_IMAGE_CHANNEL ?= stable + +# Tarball sikistirma seviyesi. Upstream --best (9) kullaniyor; 6 belirgin daha +# hizli ve imaj yalnizca ~%2-3 buyuyor. pigz varsa cok cekirdekli calisir. +GZIP_LEVEL ?= 6 + +# Yerel APT onbellegi (or. apt-cacher-ng): http://10.0.2.2:3142 +# Packer'in user-mode aginda build VM host'u 10.0.2.2 olarak gorur. +# Bos birakilirsa proxy kullanilmaz. Bkz: make deps-cache +APT_PROXY ?= + +IMAGE_NAME ?= samba-ad-dc +IMAGE_TITLE ?= Samba AD Domain Controller (Debian $(DEBIAN_VERSION)) + +# ---------------------------------------------------------------- yollar +WORKDIR ?= $(CURDIR)/build +PM_REPO ?= https://github.com/canonical/packer-maas.git +# Test edilmis upstream commit'e sabitlenmistir. 'main' birakmak, upstream'de +# yapilan bir degisikligin derlemeyi haber vermeden bozmasi anlamina gelir. +# Ileri tasimak icin: PM_REF=main ile derleyip test edin, sonra yeni SHA'yi buraya yazin. +PM_REF ?= c23d5dd985f52b2eaccc893e886213a424a243a5 +PM := $(WORKDIR)/packer-maas +TPL := $(PM)/debian + +OVERLAY_TGZ := $(WORKDIR)/adc-maas-overlay.tar.gz +CUSTOMIZE := $(WORKDIR)/customize-samba-ad.sh +OUTPUT ?= $(WORKDIR)/$(IMAGE_NAME).tar.gz +PRESEED := $(WORKDIR)/curtin_userdata_custom_$(ARCH)_$(SUBARCH)_$(IMAGE_NAME) + +# ---------------------------------------------------------------- MAAS ayarlari +MAAS_PROFILE ?= admin +MAAS_ARCH ?= $(ARCH)/$(SUBARCH) +MAAS_IMAGE_NAME ?= custom/$(IMAGE_NAME) +# MAAS snap kurulumu icin: /var/snap/maas/current/preseeds +MAAS_PRESEED_DIR ?= /var/snap/maas/current/preseeds + +# UEFI firmware, keyed on the TARGET architecture - an aarch64 guest needs +# AAVMF whatever the build host is. (Upstream packer-maas keys this on the host +# architecture instead, which only works when host and target match.) +ifeq ($(strip $(ARCH)),arm64) +FW_DIR ?= /usr/share/AAVMF +FW ?= AAVMF +else +FW_DIR ?= /usr/share/OVMF +FW ?= OVMF +endif +FW_SFX ?= $(shell test -f $(FW_DIR)/$(FW)_CODE.fd && echo "" || echo "_4M") + +# KVM is only usable when the host and the guest share an architecture. +# Otherwise QEMU falls back to TCG emulation, which is very slow. +HOST_IS_ARM := $(shell test "$$(uname -m)" = aarch64 && echo true || echo false) + +# ---------------------------------------------------------------- hedefler +.PHONY: help deps deps-cache check-upstream print-var checkout overlay customize image verify preseed install-preseed upload clean distclean lint + +help: + @echo "maas-samba-ad - Samba AD Domain Controller MAAS image" + @echo + @echo " make deps Build host bagimliliklarini kur (root gerekir)" + @echo " make deps-cache Yerel APT onbellegi kur (derlemeyi hizlandirir)" + @echo " make image Imaji derle -> $(OUTPUT) (root gerekir)" + @echo " make verify Uretilen imajin icerigini dogrula" + @echo " make check-upstream Depodaki surumleri elimizdeki imajla karsilastir" + @echo " make preseed MAAS curtin preseed dosyasini uret" + @echo " make install-preseed Preseed'i $(MAAS_PRESEED_DIR) altina kopyala (root)" + @echo " make upload Imaji MAAS'a yukle (MAAS_PROFILE=$(MAAS_PROFILE))" + @echo " make clean Ara dosyalari sil" + @echo " make distclean build/ dizinini tamamen sil" + @echo + @echo "Onemli degiskenler:" + @echo " DEBIAN_SERIES=$(DEBIAN_SERIES) IMAGE_NAME=$(IMAGE_NAME)" + @echo " ARCH=$(ARCH) BOOT=$(BOOT)" + @echo " OUTPUT=$(OUTPUT)" + +deps: + ./scripts/install-deps.sh + +# --- packer-maas deposunu getir ----------------------------------------------- +$(PM)/.git: + @mkdir -p $(WORKDIR) + git clone $(PM_REPO) $(PM) + +# PM_REF bir dal, etiket ya da commit SHA olabilir. +checkout: $(PM)/.git + @cd $(PM) && git fetch -q --all --tags && git checkout -q -f $(PM_REF) \ + && (git symbolic-ref -q HEAD >/dev/null && git pull -q --ff-only || true) + @echo "packer-maas: $$(cd $(PM) && git rev-parse --short HEAD) ($(PM_REF))" + +# --- imaja gomulecek overlay --------------------------------------------------- +overlay: $(OVERLAY_TGZ) + +$(OVERLAY_TGZ): $(shell find overlay -type f 2>/dev/null) + @mkdir -p $(WORKDIR) + COPYFILE_DISABLE=1 tar czf $@ -C overlay --no-xattrs --exclude='.keep' . + @echo "overlay: $@ ($$(du -h $@ | cut -f1))" + +# --- packer'in VM icinde calistiracagi customize script ------------------------- +customize: $(CUSTOMIZE) + +$(CUSTOMIZE): scripts/customize-samba-ad.sh.in $(OVERLAY_TGZ) + @mkdir -p $(WORKDIR) + @sed -e 's|@@DEBIAN_SERIES@@|$(DEBIAN_SERIES)|g' \ + -e 's|@@AD_EXTRA_PACKAGES@@|$(AD_EXTRA_PACKAGES)|g' \ + -e 's|@@PM_REF@@|$(PM_REF)|g' \ + $< > $@ + @echo '__ADC_MAAS_OVERLAY__' >> $@ + @base64 < $(OVERLAY_TGZ) >> $@ + @chmod +x $@ + @echo "customize script: $@" + +# --- imaj derleme --------------------------------------------------------------- +image: checkout $(CUSTOMIZE) + @if [ "$$(id -u)" -ne 0 ]; then echo "HATA: 'make image' root gerektirir (sudo make image)"; exit 1; fi + @command -v packer >/dev/null || { echo "HATA: packer yok, once 'make deps'"; exit 1; } + @echo "==> Sablon yamalaniyor: disk=$(DISK_SIZE) cpus=$(BUILD_CPUS) mem=$(BUILD_MEM)" + sed -i -E 's|^([[:space:]]*disk_size[[:space:]]*=[[:space:]]*).*|\1"$(DISK_SIZE)"|' $(TPL)/debian-cloudimg.pkr.hcl + sed -i -E 's|^([[:space:]]*cpus[[:space:]]*=[[:space:]]*).*|\1$(BUILD_CPUS)|' $(TPL)/debian-cloudimg.pkr.hcl + sed -i -E 's|^([[:space:]]*memory[[:space:]]*=[[:space:]]*).*|\1$(BUILD_MEM)|' $(TPL)/debian-cloudimg.pkr.hcl +ifeq ($(strip $(DEBIAN_IMAGE_CHANNEL)),stable) + @echo "==> Kararli Debian cloud image kullanilacak (packer onbellegi isabet eder)" + sed -i -E 's|/daily/latest/|/latest/|g; s|-daily\.qcow2|.qcow2|g' $(TPL)/debian-cloudimg.pkr.hcl + @grep -nE 'iso_url|iso_checksum' $(TPL)/debian-cloudimg.pkr.hcl +endif + sed -i -E 's|--best --force|-$(GZIP_LEVEL) --force|' $(PM)/scripts/fuse-tar-root + @grep -nE 'disk_size|^ cpus|^ memory' $(TPL)/debian-cloudimg.pkr.hcl + cp -v $(FW_DIR)/$(FW)_CODE$(FW_SFX).fd $(TPL)/OVMF_CODE.fd + cp -v $(FW_DIR)/$(FW)_VARS$(FW_SFX).fd $(TPL)/OVMF_VARS.fd +ifeq ($(strip $(ARCH)),arm64) + # AAVMF images must be padded to 64 MiB for QEMU's arm64 "virt" machine. + truncate -s 64m $(TPL)/OVMF_CODE.fd + truncate -s 64m $(TPL)/OVMF_VARS.fd +endif + rm -rf $(TPL)/output-cloudimg $(TPL)/seeds-cloudimg.iso + cd $(TPL) && PACKER_LOG=$(PACKER_LOG) packer init . + cd $(TPL) && PACKER_LOG=$(PACKER_LOG) packer build \ + -var debian_series=$(DEBIAN_SERIES) \ + -var debian_version=$(DEBIAN_VERSION) \ + -var architecture=$(ARCH) \ + -var boot_mode=$(BOOT) \ + -var ovmf_suffix=$(FW_SFX) \ + -var host_is_arm=$(HOST_IS_ARM) \ + -var timeout=$(TIMEOUT) \ + -var customize_script=$(CUSTOMIZE) \ + -var filename=$(OUTPUT) \ + -var http_proxy=$(APT_PROXY) \ + . + @ls -lh $(OUTPUT) + +# --- MAAS preseed --------------------------------------------------------------- +preseed: $(PRESEED) + +$(PRESEED): maas/curtin_userdata_custom.in + @mkdir -p $(WORKDIR) + @sed -e 's|@@IMAGE_NAME@@|$(IMAGE_NAME)|g' \ + -e 's|@@ARCH@@|$(ARCH)|g' \ + $< > $@ + @echo "preseed: $@" + @echo " -> MAAS region controller uzerinde $(MAAS_PRESEED_DIR)/ altina kopyalayin" + +install-preseed: $(PRESEED) + @if [ "$$(id -u)" -ne 0 ]; then echo "HATA: root gerekir"; exit 1; fi + install -D -m 0644 $(PRESEED) $(MAAS_PRESEED_DIR)/$(notdir $(PRESEED)) + @echo "kuruldu: $(MAAS_PRESEED_DIR)/$(notdir $(PRESEED))" + +# --- MAAS'a yukleme ------------------------------------------------------------- +upload: + @test -f $(OUTPUT) || { echo "HATA: $(OUTPUT) yok, once 'make image'"; exit 1; } + maas $(MAAS_PROFILE) boot-resources create \ + name='$(MAAS_IMAGE_NAME)' \ + title='$(IMAGE_TITLE)' \ + architecture='$(MAAS_ARCH)' \ + filetype='tgz' \ + content@=$(OUTPUT) + +verify: + @test -f $(OUTPUT) || { echo "HATA: $(OUTPUT) yok, once 'make image'"; exit 1; } + ./scripts/verify-image.sh $(OUTPUT) + +# Depoda hangi surumler var, elimizdeki imaj hangi surumde? +check-upstream: + @echo "==> Available in Debian $(DEBIAN_SERIES):" + @curl -fsS http://deb.debian.org/debian/dists/$(DEBIAN_SERIES)/main/binary-$(ARCH)/Packages.gz 2>/dev/null \ + | gunzip \ + | awk '/^Package: (samba|samba-ad-dc|winbind)$$/{p=$$2; next} \ + /^Version: /{if(p!=""){print p" "$$2; p=""}}' \ + | sort -V | awk '{v[$$1]=$$2} END{for(k in v) printf " %-18s %s\n", k, v[k]}' \ + || echo " (could not reach the archive)" + @echo "==> In the local image ($(OUTPUT)):" + @if [ -f $(OUTPUT) ]; then \ + tar xzf $(OUTPUT) -O ./etc/adc-maas/image-info 2>/dev/null | sed 's/^/ /' \ + || echo " (image-info unreadable)"; \ + else echo " (no image - run 'make image' first)"; fi + +# Yerel APT onbellegi - tekrarlanan derlemelerde ~700MB indirmeyi ortadan kaldirir. +# Kurduktan sonra: sudo make image APT_PROXY=http://10.0.2.2:3142 +deps-cache: + @if [ "$$(id -u)" -ne 0 ]; then echo "HATA: root gerekir (sudo make deps-cache)"; exit 1; fi + DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive apt-get install -y apt-cacher-ng + systemctl enable --now apt-cacher-ng + @echo + @echo "Hazir. Derlemede kullanmak icin:" + @echo " sudo make image APT_PROXY=http://10.0.2.2:3142" + @echo "(10.0.2.2 = packer user-mode aginda build host'un adresi)" + +# Tek bir degiskenin degerini bas - CI script'leri bunu kullanir. +# make -s print-var VAR=OUTPUT +print-var: + @echo "$($(VAR))" + +lint: + @bash -n scripts/customize-samba-ad.sh.in && echo "customize-samba-ad.sh.in: OK" + @bash -n overlay/usr/local/sbin/adc-maas-init && echo "adc-maas-init: OK" + @bash -n overlay/usr/local/sbin/adc-sysvol-sync && echo "adc-sysvol-sync: OK" + @command -v shellcheck >/dev/null && shellcheck -S warning \ + overlay/usr/local/sbin/adc-maas-init overlay/usr/local/sbin/adc-sysvol-sync \ + scripts/install-deps.sh || true + +clean: + rm -f $(OVERLAY_TGZ) $(CUSTOMIZE) $(PRESEED) + rm -rf $(TPL)/output-cloudimg $(TPL)/seeds-cloudimg.iso \ + $(TPL)/OVMF_CODE.fd $(TPL)/OVMF_VARS.fd + +distclean: + rm -rf $(WORKDIR) diff --git a/README.md b/README.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000..ca7c9fb --- /dev/null +++ b/README.md @@ -0,0 +1,397 @@ +# maas-samba-ad + +Build a Debian image that [MAAS](https://maas.io) can deploy to bare metal as an +**Active Directory domain controller**, with first-boot automation that either creates +a new domain or joins an existing one — without anyone logging in. + +The domain controller is [Samba](https://www.samba.org/) in AD DC mode. To a Windows +client it is an Active Directory domain: same Kerberos, same LDAP, same Group Policy, +same `net use`, same domain join. + +> **Not tested yet.** The code is written and statically checked; nothing here has been +> built or deployed. See [Verified status](#verified-status). + +--- + +## Table of contents + +- [If Active Directory is new to you](#if-active-directory-is-new-to-you) +- [What "highly available" means here](#what-highly-available-means-here) +- [The SYSVOL problem](#the-sysvol-problem) +- [How it works](#how-it-works) +- [Requirements](#requirements) +- [Quick start](#quick-start) +- [Deploying a domain](#deploying-a-domain) +- [Configuration reference](#configuration-reference) +- [Operating the domain](#operating-the-domain) +- [Build configuration](#build-configuration) +- [Traps this image works around](#traps-this-image-works-around) +- [Verified status](#verified-status) +- [Licensing](#licensing) + +--- + +## If Active Directory is new to you + +Skip this if it isn't. + +**There is no "primary" and "backup" domain controller.** That is Windows NT 4 +terminology, retired in 2000. In Active Directory every DC holds a full, writable copy +of the directory and they replicate to each other. Any DC can service any logon. + +What *does* live on exactly one DC at a time are the five **FSMO roles** — small +coordination duties such as allocating blocks of security identifiers. One of them is +called "PDC Emulator", which is where the old name survives and where most of the +confusion comes from. Losing the DC that holds them does not cost you the domain; you +seize the roles onto another DC and carry on. + +So this image has two modes, and they map to the real distinction: + +| Mode | What it does | +|---|---| +| `AD_MODE=provision` | Creates the domain. The first DC, and initially the FSMO holder | +| `AD_MODE=join` | Joins the existing domain as another equal DC | + +**A domain is not one service.** These have to work together, and all of them except +the clock come from the single `samba` daemon: + +| Piece | Why it matters | +|---|---| +| **LDAP** | The directory itself: users, groups, computers, policy links | +| **Kerberos** | Issues the tickets clients actually authenticate with | +| **DNS** | Clients find domain controllers through SRV records. AD without working DNS does not function at all — this is the single most common cause of a broken domain | +| **SMB** | Serves `SYSVOL` and `NETLOGON`, the shares Group Policy and logon scripts live in | +| **Time** | Kerberos refuses tickets when clocks differ by more than five minutes. The symptom is logins failing for no visible reason | + +The image installs and wires up all of them. + +**Names you have to choose.** Two, and they are awkward to change later: + +- **Realm** — your DNS domain in uppercase, e.g. `AD.EXAMPLE.COM`. Use a domain you + control. Do not use your public web domain, and never a bare `.local` (it collides + with mDNS). +- **NetBIOS name** — the short legacy form, e.g. `EXAMPLE`. Uppercase, at most 15 + characters, no dots. Conventionally the realm's first label. + +**Passwords.** Active Directory enforces complexity by default: at least seven +characters, and three of upper case, lower case, digit, symbol. A weak +`AD_ADMIN_PASSWORD` makes provisioning fail with an error that does not say so. + +--- + +## What "highly available" means here + +Availability in an AD domain comes from having more than one DC, not from clustering +anything. Concretely: + +1. **At least two DCs.** Two survives losing one. Three is better, because with two you + have no majority when one is down and some operations get cautious. +2. **Each DC runs DNS**, serving the same AD-integrated zones. This image does that + automatically — every DC answers for the domain. +3. **Clients must be told about both.** Hand out both DC addresses as DNS servers over + DHCP. A client that only knows one DC has no redundancy no matter how many you run. + In MAAS that is the subnet's DNS server list. +4. **Time comes from the DCs.** Set `AD_NTP_ALLOW` so members can use them. +5. **SYSVOL has to be replicated.** This is the part that does not happen by itself — + see below. + +The FSMO roles sit on the first DC. If it dies permanently you seize them; the domain +keeps authenticating in the meantime. + +--- + +## The SYSVOL problem + +**Read this before relying on the result.** + +`SYSVOL` is the share holding Group Policy objects and logon scripts. Windows replicates +it between DCs using DFS-R. **Samba implements neither DFS-R nor its predecessor FRS**, +so a policy created on one DC never reaches the others by itself. Clients then behave +differently depending on which DC happened to answer them — and nothing reports an +error. + +The [Samba wiki's](https://wiki.samba.org/index.php/SysVol_replication_(DFS-R)) +workaround is to copy SYSVOL with rsync and then reapply the ACLs from AD. This image +ships that as [`adc-sysvol-sync`](overlay/usr/local/sbin/adc-sysvol-sync), run by a +systemd timer: + +1. Sync `idmap.ldb` from the source DC once. Without it the same file shows different + ownership on different DCs, because the SID-to-uid mapping differs. +2. `rsync -aAX --delete` the SYSVOL tree. +3. `samba-tool ntacl sysvolreset`, because rsync carries POSIX bits while the Windows + ACLs live in AD and have to be reapplied — skip it and clients get access-denied on + Group Policy. + +It needs a root SSH key on the joining DC that is authorised on the source DC. If there +isn't one, the sync **exits with an explanation instead of pretending to work**. That is +deliberate: silent SYSVOL divergence is worse than a visible failure. + +This is a real limitation of Samba, not of this image. If you need genuine multi-master +SYSVOL replication, you need Windows DCs. + +--- + +## How it works + +``` +Debian 13 cloud image (qcow2, official) + │ + ├─ canonical/packer-maas, "debian" template (QEMU + KVM) + │ ├─ cloud-init / netplan / curtin compatibility [upstream] + │ └─ customize-samba-ad.sh [this repo] + │ ├─ samba, samba-ad-dc, winbind, krb5, chrony, rsync + │ ├─ swap the cloud kernel for the generic one + │ ├─ delete every trace of a domain + │ ├─ mask smbd/nmbd/winbind, disable networking.service + │ └─ install the overlay (adc-maas-init, sysvol sync, curtin-hooks) + │ + └─ samba-ad-dc.tar.gz ──► maas boot-resources create +``` + +On first boot `adc-maas-init` runs these stages, each once, recorded in +`/var/lib/adc-maas/.done`: + +| Stage | What it does | +|---|---| +| `hosts` | Makes the FQDN resolve to the management address. Samba insists on this | +| `identity` | Regenerates anything that must not be shared between clones | +| `time` | Configures chrony, including the signed-NTP socket Windows clients expect | +| `resolver` | Points DNS at the DC being joined, then at itself once it serves DNS | +| `domain` | `samba-tool domain provision` or `samba-tool domain join` | +| `services` | Masks the standalone file-server daemons, starts `samba-ad-dc` | +| `sysvol` | Sets up SYSVOL replication where it is needed | +| `selftest` | Proves Kerberos issues a ticket and SMB answers | + +A stage that fails leaves the service failed and is retried on the next boot, rather +than leaving a half-configured domain controller that looks fine. + +--- + +## Requirements + +**Build host:** Ubuntu 22.04+ with access to `/dev/kvm`, 4+ vCPU, 8+ GB RAM, 25+ GB +free. If it is a VM, nested virtualization must be on and the CPU type must pass the +flags through (on Proxmox: `--cpu host`). + +**Deployment:** MAAS 3.2+ with the curtin preseed from this repository installed on the +region controller. + +--- + +## Quick start + +```bash +sudo ./scripts/install-deps.sh # packer, qemu, ovmf, nbdkit, fuse2fs +sudo make image # -> build/samba-ad-dc.tar.gz +make verify +make preseed +sudo make install-preseed # onto the MAAS region controller +make upload MAAS_PROFILE=admin +``` + +**The preseed is not optional.** Without it the deployment fails — see +[Traps](#traps-this-image-works-around). + +--- + +## Deploying a domain + +### The first DC + +```bash +maas $PROFILE machine deploy $SYSTEM_ID \ + osystem=custom distro_series=samba-ad-dc \ + user_data="$(base64 -w0 maas/examples/01-first-dc.yaml)" +``` + +with, in that user-data: + +``` +AD_MODE=provision +AD_REALM=AD.EXAMPLE.COM +AD_DOMAIN=EXAMPLE +AD_ADMIN_PASSWORD='...' +AD_DNS_FORWARDER=192.0.2.1 +AD_NTP_ALLOW=192.0.2.0/24 +``` + +### Every DC after that + +``` +AD_MODE=join +AD_REALM=AD.EXAMPLE.COM +AD_DOMAIN=EXAMPLE +AD_JOIN_PEER=192.0.2.10 # an existing DC +AD_ADMIN_PASSWORD='...' # a Domain Admin on it +AD_SYSVOL_SYNC=on +AD_SYSVOL_SOURCE=192.0.2.10 +``` + +Full examples: [`maas/examples/`](maas/examples/). + +### Then + +Point the subnet's DHCP at **both** DCs for DNS, and check the domain from either: + +```bash +samba-tool domain level show +samba-tool drs showrepl # replication between DCs +samba-tool fsmo show # who holds the five roles +``` + +### Security notes + +- `AD_ADMIN_PASSWORD` is plaintext in MAAS user-data, where anyone with MAAS access can + read it. Use a short-lived password and change it after the domain is up. It is + scrubbed from `conf.d` on the node once the domain is running + (`AD_WIPE_SECRETS=true`), but not from MAAS. +- The SYSVOL SSH key, if you supply one through user-data, has the same exposure. Use a + key dedicated to that job and authorised for nothing else. + +--- + +## Configuration reference + +Defaults live in [`/etc/adc-maas/adc-maas.conf`](overlay/etc/adc-maas/adc-maas.conf), +which documents every option. Per-node settings go in `/etc/adc-maas/conf.d/*.conf`, +written by cloud-init from the user-data MAAS supplies, and override the defaults. + +| Option | Default | Meaning | +|---|---|---| +| `AD_MODE` | `none` | `none`, `provision` or `join` | +| `AD_REALM` | *(empty)* | Kerberos realm, uppercase DNS domain | +| `AD_DOMAIN` | *(empty)* | NetBIOS name, uppercase, ≤15 chars | +| `AD_ADMIN_PASSWORD` | *(empty)* | Administrator password / join credentials | +| `AD_ADMIN_PASSWORD_FILE` | *(empty)* | Read it from a file instead | +| `AD_JOIN_USER` | `Administrator` | Account used to join | +| `AD_JOIN_PEER` | *(empty)* | An existing DC to join | +| `AD_DNS_BACKEND` | `SAMBA_INTERNAL` | Or `BIND9_DLZ` if you need BIND's features | +| `AD_DNS_FORWARDER` | *(empty)* | Where to send queries the DC is not authoritative for | +| `AD_FUNCTION_LEVEL` | `2008_R2` | Domain and forest functional level | +| `AD_SITE` | `Default-First-Site-Name` | AD site to join | +| `AD_USE_RFC2307` | `true` | Store POSIX uid/gid in AD | +| `AD_INTERFACE` | *(auto)* | Interface Samba binds to | +| `AD_NTP_ALLOW` | *(empty)* | Subnet allowed to use this DC as a time source | +| `AD_SYSVOL_SYNC` | `auto` | `auto` (on for joined DCs), `on`, `off` | +| `AD_SYSVOL_SOURCE` | *(join peer)* | DC to pull SYSVOL from | +| `AD_SYSVOL_INTERVAL` | `5min` | How often | +| `AD_WAIT` / `AD_RETRIES` | `900` / `5` | Waiting for the peer, and join attempts | +| `AD_WIPE_SECRETS` | `true` | Scrub the password from `conf.d` afterwards | +| `AD_ENABLED` | `true` | Set false to disable all first-boot automation | + +--- + +## Operating the domain + +```bash +# Users and groups +samba-tool user create alice +samba-tool group addmembers "Domain Admins" alice + +# Health +samba-tool drs showrepl # is replication working? +samba-tool dns query localhost @ ALL -U Administrator + +# Which DC holds the FSMO roles +samba-tool fsmo show + +# The first DC is gone for good: take the roles onto this one +samba-tool fsmo seize --role=all + +# A DC that will never come back has to be removed from the directory, +# or replication keeps trying to reach it +samba-tool domain demote --remove-other-dead-server= +``` + +Windows clients join the domain exactly as they would against a Windows DC, provided +their DNS points at a DC. + +--- + +## Build configuration + +| Variable | Default | Meaning | +|---|---|---| +| `DEBIAN_SERIES` / `DEBIAN_VERSION` | `trixie` / `13` | Debian release | +| `AD_EXTRA_PACKAGES` | `acl attr ldap-utils …` | Extra packages baked in | +| `IMAGE_NAME` | `samba-ad-dc` | MAAS name and preseed filename | +| `ARCH` / `BOOT` | `amd64` / `uefi` | Architecture and boot mode | +| `DISK_SIZE` | `16G` | Build VM disk; upstream's 4G is too small | +| `PM_REF` | pinned SHA | `canonical/packer-maas` revision | +| `APT_PROXY` | *(empty)* | Local APT cache — see `make deps-cache` | + +`make check-upstream` compares the `samba` version in Debian against the image you have, +without building anything. + +--- + +## Traps this image works around + +These are the same class of problem as in the sibling +[maas-proxmox](https://github.com/ilkermanap/maas-proxmox) project, and each fails +**silently**: + +1. **`kernel: null` in the preseed.** Some curtin versions shipped with MAAS crash on + it. The image carries `/curtin/curtin-hooks` instead, which disables the kernel + install and works regardless of curtin version. +2. **Interface renaming.** MAAS records the interface name it saw in its Ubuntu + commissioning environment; Debian's udev may name the same card differently, and + cloud-init then fails to rename it and leaves the link **down**. `curtin-hooks` + pins MAC-to-name mappings so udev gets it right from the start. +3. **systemd ordering.** Ordering the first-boot unit after `cloud-final.service` while + it is `WantedBy=multi-user.target` forms a cycle, and systemd resolves it by deleting + the unit's start job — it never runs and reports nothing. The unit is `Type=simple` + with no cloud-init ordering; the script waits for cloud-init itself. +4. **`networking.service`.** ifupdown starting with the build VM's stale interface + definition takes the real interface down before any automation runs. It ships + disabled, and MAAS owns the network. + +Two more are specific to this image: + +5. **The cloud kernel.** The Debian cloud image ships `linux-image-cloud-amd64`, built + for virtual machines and missing most physical-hardware drivers. A bare-metal DC + deployed with it can come up with no disk or no network. The build swaps in the + generic kernel. +6. **A domain baked into the image.** Installing the packages leaves a default + `smb.conf`. If that shipped, every machine from the image would start from the same + half-configured directory and `samba-tool domain provision` would refuse to run. The + build deletes all of it. + +--- + +## Verified status + +**Nothing in this repository has been built or deployed.** It is written and statically +checked, no more than that. + +### Checked + +| | | +|---|---| +| Shell syntax | `make lint` passes on every script | +| Generation | `make preseed` and `make customize` produce correct output; the embedded overlay round-trips | +| Samba capability | Debian trixie ships samba 4.22.10, and `samba-ad-dc` does **not** depend on `krb5-kdc` — so it uses the bundled Heimdal KDC, which is Samba's supported configuration for an AD DC. The build asserts this and fails if it ever changes | +| SYSVOL behaviour | Confirmed against the Samba wiki: no DFS-R, no FRS, rsync plus `ntacl sysvolreset` is the documented workaround, and `idmap.ldb` must be synced first | +| Pattern | The build pipeline, curtin hooks and first-boot state machine are adapted from [maas-proxmox](https://github.com/ilkermanap/maas-proxmox), where they were verified end to end on real infrastructure | + +### Not verified + +Everything else. Specifically: the image has never been built; no domain has been +provisioned or joined; SYSVOL replication has never run; the self-test has never +executed; `BIND9_DLZ` was not tried; no Windows client has been joined to a domain from +this image; arm64 is untouched. + +Treat the first deployment as a test, and read `journalctl -u adc-maas-init -b` on the +node. + +--- + +## Licensing + +**AGPL-3.0-or-later**, see [LICENSE](LICENSE). + +The build pipeline derives from [`canonical/packer-maas`](https://github.com/canonical/packer-maas) +(AGPLv3) — the curtin preseed and `curtin-hooks` in particular — so the copyleft carries +over. The upstream template is cloned at build time, not vendored. + +Samba itself is GPLv3+ and is installed from Debian, unmodified. diff --git a/maas/curtin_userdata_custom.in b/maas/curtin_userdata_custom.in new file mode 100644 index 0000000..b346869 --- /dev/null +++ b/maas/curtin_userdata_custom.in @@ -0,0 +1,59 @@ +#cloud-config +# Copyright (C) 2026 Ilker Manap +# SPDX-License-Identifier: AGPL-3.0-or-later +# +# MAAS curtin preseed - Samba AD domain controller image +# +# Dosya adi: curtin_userdata_custom_@@ARCH@@_generic_@@IMAGE_NAME@@ +# Kopyalanacak yer (MAAS snap): /var/snap/maas/current/preseeds/ +# (MAAS deb paketi): /etc/maas/preseeds/ +# +# Bu ad yalnizca 'custom/@@IMAGE_NAME@@' adiyla, '@@ARCH@@/generic' mimarisiyle +# yuklenen imaja uygulanir; diger ozel imajlariniz etkilenmez. + +# Cekirdek kurulumu imajdaki /curtin/curtin-hooks tarafindan devre disi +# birakilir (Proxmox cekirdegi imajda hazir gelir). Asagidaki blok yalnizca +# kanca herhangi bir nedenle calismazsa devreye giren yedek yoldur. +# +# DIKKAT: burada 'kernel: null' KULLANMAYIN. MAAS ile gelen curtin +# surumlerinin bir kismi bunu desteklemiyor ve kurulum su hatayla basarisiz +# oluyor: install_kernel -> AttributeError: 'NoneType' object has no +# attribute 'get' +kernel: + package: linux-image-@@ARCH@@ + fallback-package: linux-image-@@ARCH@@ + mapping: {} + +apt: + preserve_sources_list: true + +debconf_selections: + maas: | + {{for line in str(curtin_preseed).splitlines()}} + {{line}} + {{endfor}} + +late_commands: + maas: [wget, '--no-proxy', '{{node_disable_pxe_url}}', '--post-data', '{{node_disable_pxe_data}}', '-O', '/dev/null'] + + # Hedef sistemi /mnt altina bagla + late_01: mount --bind $TARGET_MOUNT_POINT /mnt + + # MAAS datasource tanimini hedef sisteme tasi + late_02: grep -A2 datasource /etc/cloud/cloud.cfg.d/91_kernel_cmdline_url.cfg | sed 's/curtin//' | tee /mnt/etc/cloud/cloud.cfg.d/91_maas_datasource.cfg + + # Debian cloud-init sablonundaki Ubuntu referanslarini duzelt + late_03: sed -i 's@ubuntu.com/ubuntu@debian.org/debian@g;s@archive@deb@g;s@ubuntu@debian@g;s@Ubuntu@Debian@g;s@security.debian.org/debian@security.debian.org@g' /mnt/etc/cloud/cloud.cfg + + # zz-update-grub kancasindaki 'set -e' tuzagini kaldir + late_04: sed -i '/^set -e/{n;N;d}' /mnt/etc/kernel/postinst.d/zz-update-grub + + # packer-maas'in netplan.io kontrolunu atlatmak icin koydugu sarmalayicilari sil + late_05: rm -f /usr/local/bin/dpkg-query /usr/local/bin/netplan + late_06: rm -f /mnt/usr/local/bin/dpkg-query /mnt/usr/local/bin/netplan + + # Safety net: make sure the first-boot service really is enabled + late_07: chroot /mnt systemctl enable adc-maas-init.service || true + + # Clear any stage markers left over from a previous run + late_08: rm -f /mnt/var/lib/adc-maas/*.done /mnt/var/lib/adc-maas/complete diff --git a/maas/examples/01-first-dc.yaml b/maas/examples/01-first-dc.yaml new file mode 100644 index 0000000..4a6dfa4 --- /dev/null +++ b/maas/examples/01-first-dc.yaml @@ -0,0 +1,40 @@ +#cloud-config +# Copyright (C) 2026 Ilker Manap +# SPDX-License-Identifier: AGPL-3.0-or-later +# +# The FIRST domain controller: creates the domain. +# +# In Active Directory this is not a "primary" DC in the NT 4 sense — every DC is +# an equal, writable peer. This one simply happens to run the provisioning step, +# and it starts out holding the five FSMO roles. +# +# maas $PROFILE machine deploy $SYSTEM_ID \ +# osystem=custom distro_series=samba-ad-dc \ +# user_data="$(base64 -w0 01-first-dc.yaml)" + +write_files: + - path: /etc/adc-maas/conf.d/50-ad.conf + permissions: "0600" + owner: root:root + content: | + AD_MODE=provision + + # Kerberos realm: your DNS domain in UPPERCASE. Use something you control + # and that is not your public web domain. Never a bare ".local". + AD_REALM=AD.EXAMPLE.COM + + # NetBIOS name: uppercase, at most 15 characters, no dots. + AD_DOMAIN=EXAMPLE + + # Becomes the domain Administrator password. Active Directory enforces + # complexity: 7+ characters, three of upper/lower/digit/symbol. A weak one + # makes provisioning fail with an unhelpful error. + AD_ADMIN_PASSWORD='CHANGE-ME-Str0ng!' + + # Where the DC forwards queries it is not authoritative for. Without this + # the DC resolves your domain and nothing else. + AD_DNS_FORWARDER=192.0.2.1 + + # Subnet allowed to use this DC as a time source. Domain members need + # working time — Kerberos rejects a skew over five minutes. + AD_NTP_ALLOW=192.0.2.0/24 diff --git a/maas/examples/02-additional-dc.yaml b/maas/examples/02-additional-dc.yaml new file mode 100644 index 0000000..0099543 --- /dev/null +++ b/maas/examples/02-additional-dc.yaml @@ -0,0 +1,55 @@ +#cloud-config +# Copyright (C) 2026 Ilker Manap +# SPDX-License-Identifier: AGPL-3.0-or-later +# +# An ADDITIONAL domain controller: joins the existing domain. +# +# This is what gives the domain redundancy. Two DCs mean logons survive losing +# one of them; point clients at both as DNS servers. + +write_files: + - path: /etc/adc-maas/conf.d/50-ad.conf + permissions: "0600" + owner: root:root + content: | + AD_MODE=join + AD_REALM=AD.EXAMPLE.COM + AD_DOMAIN=EXAMPLE + + # An existing DC, by IP. Needed because this host cannot resolve the + # domain until it points its resolver at a DC that already serves it. + AD_JOIN_PEER=192.0.2.10 + + # Credentials of a Domain Admin on that DC. + AD_JOIN_USER=Administrator + AD_ADMIN_PASSWORD='CHANGE-ME-Str0ng!' + + AD_DNS_FORWARDER=192.0.2.1 + AD_NTP_ALLOW=192.0.2.0/24 + + # SYSVOL — where Group Policy lives — does not replicate by itself: + # Samba implements neither DFS-R nor FRS. This pulls it from the first DC + # over rsync and reapplies the ACLs afterwards. + # + # It needs a root SSH key here that is authorised on AD_SYSVOL_SOURCE. + # Without one the sync exits with an explanation instead of silently + # letting Group Policy diverge between DCs. + AD_SYSVOL_SYNC=on + AD_SYSVOL_SOURCE=192.0.2.10 + AD_SYSVOL_INTERVAL=5min + + # The private key the SYSVOL sync uses to reach the source DC. Its public + # half must be in /root/.ssh/authorized_keys on that DC. + # + # This puts a private key into MAAS user-data, where anyone with MAAS access + # can read it. Use a key generated for this purpose only, authorised for + # nothing else. If that is not acceptable, leave this out and set up SYSVOL + # replication by hand after deployment - the sync script says exactly what it + # needs and refuses to pretend it is working. + - path: /root/.ssh/id_ed25519 + permissions: "0600" + owner: root:root + content: | + -----BEGIN OPENSSH PRIVATE KEY----- + REPLACE-WITH-A-KEY-DEDICATED-TO-SYSVOL-REPLICATION + -----END OPENSSH PRIVATE KEY----- diff --git a/maas/examples/03-no-domain.yaml b/maas/examples/03-no-domain.yaml new file mode 100644 index 0000000..e15bc73 --- /dev/null +++ b/maas/examples/03-no-domain.yaml @@ -0,0 +1,13 @@ +#cloud-config +# Copyright (C) 2026 Ilker Manap +# SPDX-License-Identifier: AGPL-3.0-or-later +# +# Deploy the image without touching any domain — useful for staging a machine +# now and provisioning or joining later by hand. + +write_files: + - path: /etc/adc-maas/conf.d/50-ad.conf + permissions: "0600" + owner: root:root + content: | + AD_MODE=none diff --git a/overlay/curtin/curtin-hooks b/overlay/curtin/curtin-hooks new file mode 100755 index 0000000..f70ca3e --- /dev/null +++ b/overlay/curtin/curtin-hooks @@ -0,0 +1,116 @@ +#!/usr/bin/env python3 +# Copyright (C) 2026 Ilker Manap +# SPDX-License-Identifier: AGPL-3.0-or-later +# +# curtin-hooks - MAAS/curtin kurulum kancasi (Proxmox VE imaji icin) +# +# Curtin, hedef sistemde /curtin/curtin-hooks varsa dahili curthooks yerine +# bu script'i calistirir (curtin.util.run_hook_if_exists). +# +# Amac: curtin'in APT uzerinden cekirdek kurmaya calismasini engellemek. +# Proxmox cekirdegi (proxmox-default-kernel) imajin icinde hazir gelir; +# curtin'in onu yeniden kurmasi gereksizdir ve dugumun deploy sirasinda +# download.proxmox.com'a erisebilmesini zorunlu kilar (izole aglarda calismaz). +# +# Not: Bunu preseed'de "kernel: null" ile yapmak mumkun degil - MAAS ile +# gelen curtin surumlerinin bir kismi bu degeri desteklemiyor ve +# install_kernel icinde AttributeError ile patliyor. Kancayi kullanmak +# curtin surumunden bagimsiz olarak calisir. +# +import shutil +import os + +from curtin.commands import curthooks +from curtin.config import load_command_config +from curtin.util import load_command_environment + + +def disable_kernel_install(): + """curtin'in cekirdek kurulum adimini etkisiz hale getir. + + Fonksiyon adi curtin surumune gore degisiyor (install_kernel -> + curthook_install_kernel), ikisini de yakaliyoruz. + """ + disabled = [] + for name in ("install_kernel", "curthook_install_kernel"): + if hasattr(curthooks, name): + setattr(curthooks, name, lambda *args, **kwargs: None) + disabled.append(name) + print("curtin-hooks: cekirdek kurulumu devre disi: %s" % (disabled or "hicbiri bulunamadi")) + + +def pin_interface_names(config, target): + """MAAS'in bildigi arayuz adlarini hedef sistemde MAC uzerinden sabitle. + + MAAS commissioning'i Ubuntu ephemeral ortaminda yapiyor ve arayuzu orada + gordugu adla (or. enp6s18) kaydediyor. Deploy edilen Debian 13 / Proxmox + ise udev'in farkli isimlendirme semasi yuzunden ayni karti ens18 diye + adlandirabiliyor. Bu durumda cloud-init acilista arayuzu yeniden + adlandirmaya calisiyor, su hatayi aliyor: + + Failed to rename devices: [busy] Error renaming + mac=... from ens18 to enp6s18 + + ...ve arayuzu KAPALI birakiyor; dugum agini tamamen kaybediyor. + + Cozum: MAC -> ad eslemesini systemd .link dosyasi olarak yaziyoruz, boylece + udev karti en bastan MAAS'in bekledigi adla olusturuyor ve yeniden + adlandirmaya hic gerek kalmiyor. + """ + net = config.get("network") or {} + pairs = [] + + # netplan / v2 bicimi + for name, cfg in (net.get("ethernets") or {}).items(): + cfg = cfg or {} + mac = (cfg.get("match") or {}).get("macaddress") + if mac: + pairs.append((cfg.get("set-name") or name, mac)) + + # curtin v1 bicimi + for entry in net.get("config") or []: + if not isinstance(entry, dict) or entry.get("type") != "physical": + continue + if entry.get("name") and entry.get("mac_address"): + pairs.append((entry["name"], entry["mac_address"])) + + if not pairs: + print("curtin-hooks: arayuz adi sabitlenmedi (ag yapilandirmasi bos)") + return + + link_dir = os.path.join(target, "etc/systemd/network") + os.makedirs(link_dir, exist_ok=True) + for name, mac in pairs: + path = os.path.join(link_dir, "10-maas-%s.link" % name) + with open(path, "w") as fh: + fh.write( + "# MAAS tarafindan beklenen arayuz adi - pve-maas imaji\n" + "# curtin-hooks tarafindan olusturuldu.\n" + "[Match]\n" + "MACAddress=%s\n" + "\n" + "[Link]\n" + "Name=%s\n" % (mac.lower(), name) + ) + print("curtin-hooks: arayuz adi sabitlendi %s -> %s" % (mac, name)) + + +def cleanup(): + """Kancayi hedef sistemden kaldir - iz birakma.""" + curtin_dir = os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__)) + shutil.rmtree(curtin_dir, ignore_errors=True) + + +def main(): + state = load_command_environment() + config = load_command_config(None, state) + target = state["target"] + + disable_kernel_install() + curthooks.builtin_curthooks(config, target, state) + pin_interface_names(config, target) + cleanup() + + +if __name__ == "__main__": + main() diff --git a/overlay/etc/adc-maas/adc-maas.conf b/overlay/etc/adc-maas/adc-maas.conf new file mode 100644 index 0000000..bfcd525 --- /dev/null +++ b/overlay/etc/adc-maas/adc-maas.conf @@ -0,0 +1,108 @@ +# Copyright (C) 2026 Ilker Manap +# SPDX-License-Identifier: AGPL-3.0-or-later +# +# /etc/adc-maas/adc-maas.conf +# +# Defaults for adc-maas-init. DO NOT EDIT THIS FILE. Put per-node settings in +# /etc/adc-maas/conf.d/*.conf, which cloud-init writes from the user-data MAAS +# passes at deploy time; those values override everything here. +# +# A note on terminology, because it trips people up. "Primary" and "backup" +# domain controllers are Windows NT 4 concepts. Active Directory, from Windows +# 2000 onwards, has no such split: every DC is a writable, equal peer and they +# replicate to each other. What does live on exactly one DC at a time are the +# five FSMO roles, one of which is confusingly named "PDC Emulator". +# +# So the real distinction is not primary versus backup, it is: +# +# AD_MODE=provision the FIRST DC, which creates the domain +# AD_MODE=join every DC after that, which joins the existing domain +# +# All of them then serve logons equally. Losing the first one costs you the FSMO +# roles, which you seize onto another DC — it does not cost you the domain. + +# ---------------------------------------------------------------- general +AD_ENABLED=true + +# none | provision | join +AD_MODE=none + +# ---------------------------------------------------------------- identity +# The Kerberos realm: your DNS domain in UPPERCASE. Use a domain you control and +# that is not your public web domain — EXAMPLE.LAN, AD.EXAMPLE.COM, and so on. +# Never use a bare ".local", which collides with mDNS. +AD_REALM= + +# The NetBIOS name: the short, legacy form. Uppercase, at most 15 characters, +# no dots. Conventionally the first label of the realm. +AD_DOMAIN= + +# For AD_MODE=provision this becomes the domain Administrator password. +# For AD_MODE=join these are the credentials used to join. +# +# Active Directory enforces password complexity by default: at least 7 +# characters and three of upper case, lower case, digit, symbol. A weak password +# makes provisioning fail with an error that does not say so clearly. +AD_ADMIN_PASSWORD= +AD_ADMIN_PASSWORD_FILE= +AD_JOIN_USER=Administrator + +# An existing DC to join, by IP or FQDN. Empty means "find one via DNS", which +# only works if this host's resolver already points at the domain. +AD_JOIN_PEER= + +# ---------------------------------------------------------------- DNS +# SAMBA_INTERNAL is the Samba-provided DNS server. It is the recommended default +# and needs no separate configuration. BIND9_DLZ hands DNS to BIND with an AD +# backend, which you only want if you need BIND features such as complex views +# or DNSSEC. +AD_DNS_BACKEND=SAMBA_INTERNAL + +# Where the DC sends queries it is not authoritative for. Without this the DC +# resolves your domain but nothing else. +AD_DNS_FORWARDER= + +# ---------------------------------------------------------------- domain shape +# 2008_R2 is the safe default and interoperates with everything current. +# Raise it only when every DC in the domain supports the higher level. +AD_FUNCTION_LEVEL=2008_R2 +AD_SITE=Default-First-Site-Name + +# Store POSIX uid/gid attributes in AD. Keep this on if Linux machines will also +# authenticate against the domain; it makes uids consistent across them. +AD_USE_RFC2307=true + +# ---------------------------------------------------------------- networking +# Empty means the interface holding the default route. +AD_INTERFACE= + +# Subnet allowed to use this DC as an NTP source, e.g. 192.0.2.0/24. +# Domain members need working time: Kerberos rejects a skew over five minutes, +# and the usual symptom is logins failing for no visible reason. +AD_NTP_ALLOW= + +# ---------------------------------------------------------------- SYSVOL +# SYSVOL is the share holding Group Policy objects and logon scripts. Windows +# replicates it between DCs with DFS-R. Samba implements neither DFS-R nor its +# predecessor FRS, so without help a policy created on one DC never reaches the +# others and clients behave differently depending on which DC answered them. +# +# The workaround, straight from the Samba wiki, is to pull SYSVOL over rsync +# from the DC holding the PDC Emulator role and then reapply the ACLs from AD. +# +# auto replicate on nodes that joined, not on the one that provisioned +# on replicate here +# off do not replicate; you are handling it another way +# +# This needs a root SSH key on this host that is authorised on the source DC. +# Without one the sync exits with an explanation instead of failing quietly. +AD_SYSVOL_SYNC=auto +AD_SYSVOL_SOURCE= +AD_SYSVOL_INTERVAL=5min + +# ---------------------------------------------------------------- misc +AD_WAIT=900 +AD_RETRIES=5 + +# Scrub AD_ADMIN_PASSWORD from conf.d once the domain is up. +AD_WIPE_SECRETS=true diff --git a/overlay/etc/adc-maas/conf.d/.keep b/overlay/etc/adc-maas/conf.d/.keep new file mode 100644 index 0000000..e69de29 diff --git a/overlay/etc/systemd/system/adc-maas-init.service b/overlay/etc/systemd/system/adc-maas-init.service new file mode 100644 index 0000000..91ed029 --- /dev/null +++ b/overlay/etc/systemd/system/adc-maas-init.service @@ -0,0 +1,28 @@ +# Copyright (C) 2026 Ilker Manap +# SPDX-License-Identifier: AGPL-3.0-or-later +[Unit] +Description=Samba AD domain controller post-deployment configuration for MAAS +Documentation=file:/etc/adc-maas/adc-maas.conf +After=network-online.target +Wants=network-online.target +ConditionPathExists=!/var/lib/adc-maas/complete + +# Do NOT order this after cloud-init here. +# +# After=cloud-final.service together with WantedBy=multi-user.target forms an +# ordering cycle on this image, and systemd breaks it by deleting THIS unit's +# start job — the service then never runs and reports no error. The script waits +# for cloud-init itself instead. + +[Service] +# Type=simple, not oneshot: a oneshot unit blocks multi-user.target, which +# cloud-final.service is ordered after, so waiting for cloud-init inside the +# script would deadlock. Stage tracking uses /var/lib/adc-maas/*.done anyway. +Type=simple +ExecStart=/usr/local/sbin/adc-maas-init +TimeoutStartSec=0 +StandardOutput=journal+console +StandardError=journal+console + +[Install] +WantedBy=multi-user.target diff --git a/overlay/etc/systemd/system/adc-sysvol-sync.service b/overlay/etc/systemd/system/adc-sysvol-sync.service new file mode 100644 index 0000000..90b8bbe --- /dev/null +++ b/overlay/etc/systemd/system/adc-sysvol-sync.service @@ -0,0 +1,12 @@ +# Copyright (C) 2026 Ilker Manap +# SPDX-License-Identifier: AGPL-3.0-or-later +[Unit] +Description=Replicate SYSVOL from another domain controller +Documentation=https://wiki.samba.org/index.php/SysVol_replication_(DFS-R) +After=samba-ad-dc.service +Requires=samba-ad-dc.service +ConditionPathExists=/etc/adc-maas/sysvol-sync.conf + +[Service] +Type=oneshot +ExecStart=/usr/local/sbin/adc-sysvol-sync diff --git a/overlay/etc/systemd/system/adc-sysvol-sync.timer b/overlay/etc/systemd/system/adc-sysvol-sync.timer new file mode 100644 index 0000000..e9780c2 --- /dev/null +++ b/overlay/etc/systemd/system/adc-sysvol-sync.timer @@ -0,0 +1,14 @@ +# Copyright (C) 2026 Ilker Manap +# SPDX-License-Identifier: AGPL-3.0-or-later +[Unit] +Description=Replicate SYSVOL periodically +Documentation=https://wiki.samba.org/index.php/SysVol_replication_(DFS-R) + +[Timer] +OnBootSec=3min +OnUnitActiveSec=5min +AccuracySec=30s +Unit=adc-sysvol-sync.service + +[Install] +WantedBy=timers.target diff --git a/overlay/usr/local/sbin/adc-maas-init b/overlay/usr/local/sbin/adc-maas-init new file mode 100755 index 0000000..e5da4da --- /dev/null +++ b/overlay/usr/local/sbin/adc-maas-init @@ -0,0 +1,491 @@ +#!/bin/bash +# Copyright (C) 2026 Ilker Manap +# SPDX-License-Identifier: AGPL-3.0-or-later +# +# adc-maas-init - configures a MAAS-deployed Debian node as a Samba Active +# Directory domain controller on first boot. +# +# Stages, each run once and recorded in /var/lib/adc-maas/.done: +# +# hosts the FQDN must resolve to the management address; Samba insists +# identity regenerate anything that must not be shared between clones +# time Kerberos rejects a clock skew over 5 minutes, so chrony first +# resolver a DC has to resolve its own domain +# domain provision a new domain, or join an existing one +# services hand SMB over to the samba-ad-dc daemon +# sysvol set up SYSVOL replication, which Samba does not do by itself +# selftest prove Kerberos and SMB actually answer +# +# Configuration comes from /etc/adc-maas/adc-maas.conf and, overriding it, +# /etc/adc-maas/conf.d/*.conf — which cloud-init writes from the user-data MAAS +# passes at deploy time. +# +set -uo pipefail + +CONF_DIR=/etc/adc-maas +STATE_DIR=/var/lib/adc-maas +LOG_TAG=adc-maas-init + +mkdir -p "$STATE_DIR" "$CONF_DIR/conf.d" + +log() { echo "[$LOG_TAG] $*"; logger -t "$LOG_TAG" -- "$*" 2>/dev/null || true; } +warn() { echo "[$LOG_TAG] UYARI: $*" >&2; logger -t "$LOG_TAG" -p user.warning -- "WARN: $*" 2>/dev/null || true; } + +done_flag() { echo "$STATE_DIR/$1.done"; } +is_done() { [ -e "$(done_flag "$1")" ]; } +mark_done() { date -Is > "$(done_flag "$1")"; } + +# --------------------------------------------------------------------------- +load_config() { + # shellcheck disable=SC1091 + [ -r "$CONF_DIR/adc-maas.conf" ] && . "$CONF_DIR/adc-maas.conf" + local f + for f in "$CONF_DIR"/conf.d/*.conf; do + [ -r "$f" ] || continue + log "loading configuration: $f" + # shellcheck disable=SC1090 + . "$f" + done + + AD_ENABLED="${AD_ENABLED:-true}" + AD_MODE="${AD_MODE:-none}" # none | provision | join + AD_REALM="${AD_REALM:-}" # EXAMPLE.LAN (uppercase) + AD_DOMAIN="${AD_DOMAIN:-}" # EXAMPLE (NetBIOS, <= 15 chars) + AD_ADMIN_PASSWORD="${AD_ADMIN_PASSWORD:-}" + AD_ADMIN_PASSWORD_FILE="${AD_ADMIN_PASSWORD_FILE:-}" + AD_JOIN_USER="${AD_JOIN_USER:-Administrator}" + AD_JOIN_PEER="${AD_JOIN_PEER:-}" # an existing DC; empty = find via DNS + AD_DNS_BACKEND="${AD_DNS_BACKEND:-SAMBA_INTERNAL}" + AD_DNS_FORWARDER="${AD_DNS_FORWARDER:-}" + AD_FUNCTION_LEVEL="${AD_FUNCTION_LEVEL:-2008_R2}" + AD_SITE="${AD_SITE:-Default-First-Site-Name}" + AD_USE_RFC2307="${AD_USE_RFC2307:-true}" + AD_INTERFACE="${AD_INTERFACE:-}" # empty = the default-route interface + AD_NTP_ALLOW="${AD_NTP_ALLOW:-}" # subnet allowed to use this DC as a time source + AD_WAIT="${AD_WAIT:-900}" + AD_RETRIES="${AD_RETRIES:-5}" + AD_WIPE_SECRETS="${AD_WIPE_SECRETS:-true}" + + AD_SYSVOL_SYNC="${AD_SYSVOL_SYNC:-auto}" # auto | off | on + AD_SYSVOL_SOURCE="${AD_SYSVOL_SOURCE:-}" # DC to pull SYSVOL from; default = join peer + AD_SYSVOL_INTERVAL="${AD_SYSVOL_INTERVAL:-5min}" +} + +admin_password() { + if [ -n "$AD_ADMIN_PASSWORD_FILE" ] && [ -r "$AD_ADMIN_PASSWORD_FILE" ]; then + head -1 "$AD_ADMIN_PASSWORD_FILE" + else + printf '%s' "$AD_ADMIN_PASSWORD" + fi +} + +primary_iface() { + [ -n "$AD_INTERFACE" ] && { echo "$AD_INTERFACE"; return; } + ip -4 -o route show default 2>/dev/null \ + | awk '{for(i=1;i<=NF;i++) if($i=="dev"){print $(i+1); exit}}' +} + +primary_ip() { + ip -4 -o route get 1.1.1.1 2>/dev/null \ + | awk '{for(i=1;i<=NF;i++) if($i=="src"){print $(i+1); exit}}' +} + +wait_for_network() { + local i + for ((i = 0; i < 120; i += 5)); do + [ -n "$(primary_ip)" ] && return 0 + sleep 5 + done + return 1 +} + +wait_for_cloud_init() { + command -v cloud-init >/dev/null 2>&1 || return 0 + log "waiting for cloud-init" + # The unit deliberately carries no cloud-init ordering — see the unit file. + timeout 900 cloud-init status --wait >/dev/null 2>&1 + log "cloud-init: $(cloud-init status 2>/dev/null | head -1)" + return 0 +} + +realm_lower() { printf '%s' "${AD_REALM,,}"; } + +# --------------------------------------------------------------------------- +# hosts +# --------------------------------------------------------------------------- +stage_hosts() { + is_done hosts && return 0 + local host fqdn ip keep + host="$(hostname -s)" + ip="$(primary_ip)" + [ -n "$ip" ] || { warn "no management address found"; return 1; } + + if [ -n "$AD_REALM" ]; then + fqdn="${host}.$(realm_lower)" + else + fqdn="$(hostname -f 2>/dev/null || echo "$host")" + fi + + log "/etc/hosts: ${ip} ${fqdn} ${host}" + cp -a /etc/hosts "$STATE_DIR/hosts.orig" 2>/dev/null || true + keep="$(grep -vE "^[[:space:]]*(127\.0\.0\.1|127\.0\.1\.1|::1|ff02::[12])[[:space:]]" /etc/hosts 2>/dev/null \ + | grep -vE "[[:space:]]${host}([[:space:]]|\$)" || true)" + { + echo "127.0.0.1 localhost.localdomain localhost" + echo "${ip} ${fqdn} ${host}" + [ -n "$keep" ] && echo "$keep" + echo + echo "::1 localhost ip6-localhost ip6-loopback" + echo "ff02::1 ip6-allnodes" + echo "ff02::2 ip6-allrouters" + } > /etc/hosts + + # cloud-init rewrites /etc/hosts on every boot otherwise, undoing this. + cat > /etc/cloud/cloud.cfg.d/99-adc-maas-hosts.cfg <<'EOF' +# /etc/hosts is managed by adc-maas-init. +manage_etc_hosts: false +EOF + mark_done hosts +} + +# --------------------------------------------------------------------------- +# identity — nothing here may be shared between machines built from one image +# --------------------------------------------------------------------------- +stage_identity() { + is_done identity && return 0 + if [ ! -s /etc/iscsi/initiatorname.iscsi ] && command -v iscsi-iname >/dev/null 2>&1; then + mkdir -p /etc/iscsi + echo "InitiatorName=$(iscsi-iname)" > /etc/iscsi/initiatorname.iscsi + chmod 0600 /etc/iscsi/initiatorname.iscsi + fi + mark_done identity +} + +# --------------------------------------------------------------------------- +# time — Kerberos refuses tickets when the clock is more than five minutes out +# --------------------------------------------------------------------------- +stage_time() { + is_done time && return 0 + command -v chronyd >/dev/null 2>&1 || { warn "chrony missing"; mark_done time; return 0; } + + log "configuring chrony (Kerberos requires clock skew under 5 minutes)" + # ntpsigndsocket lets Windows clients use this DC as a signed NTP source, + # which is what domain members expect. + cat > /etc/chrony/conf.d/adc-maas.conf <> /etc/chrony/conf.d/adc-maas.conf + else + warn "AD_NTP_ALLOW unset — domain members cannot use this DC as a time source" + fi + systemctl restart chrony >/dev/null 2>&1 || systemctl restart chronyd >/dev/null 2>&1 || true + mark_done time +} + +# --------------------------------------------------------------------------- +# resolver +# --------------------------------------------------------------------------- +write_resolv() { + local ns="$1" search="$2" + [ -L /etc/resolv.conf ] && rm -f /etc/resolv.conf + { + [ -n "$search" ] && echo "search ${search}" + echo "nameserver ${ns}" + } > /etc/resolv.conf + # Otherwise cloud-init or netplan puts the old resolver back on next boot. + cat > /etc/cloud/cloud.cfg.d/99-adc-maas-resolv.cfg <<'EOF' +manage_resolv_conf: false +EOF +} + +stage_resolver() { + is_done resolver && return 0 + [ -n "$AD_REALM" ] || { mark_done resolver; return 0; } + + # Before the domain exists locally, point at whichever DC we are joining. + # stage_domain switches this to 127.0.0.1 once Samba serves DNS here. + local ns + if [ "$AD_MODE" = "join" ] && [ -n "$AD_JOIN_PEER" ]; then + ns="$AD_JOIN_PEER" + log "resolver -> ${ns} (the DC being joined)" + else + ns="$(primary_ip)" + log "resolver -> ${ns} (this host)" + fi + cp -a /etc/resolv.conf "$STATE_DIR/resolv.conf.orig" 2>/dev/null || true + write_resolv "$ns" "$(realm_lower)" + mark_done resolver +} + +# --------------------------------------------------------------------------- +# domain +# --------------------------------------------------------------------------- +stop_samba_services() { + systemctl stop samba-ad-dc smbd nmbd winbind >/dev/null 2>&1 || true +} + +wait_for_peer() { + local peer="$1" i + log "waiting for ${peer}:389 (LDAP) for up to ${AD_WAIT}s" + for ((i = 0; i < AD_WAIT; i += 5)); do + if timeout 4 bash -c "exec 3<>/dev/tcp/${peer}/389" 2>/dev/null; then return 0; fi + sleep 5 + done + return 1 +} + +configure_smb_extras() { + # samba-tool writes a minimal smb.conf; add what a DC in this setup needs. + local iface conf=/etc/samba/smb.conf + iface="$(primary_iface)" + grep -q 'adc-maas' "$conf" 2>/dev/null && return 0 + + python3 - "$conf" "$iface" "$AD_DNS_FORWARDER" <<'PY' +import sys +path, iface, forwarder = sys.argv[1], sys.argv[2], sys.argv[3] +lines = open(path).read().splitlines() +out, injected = [], False +for line in lines: + out.append(line) + if not injected and line.strip().lower() == "[global]": + out.append("\t# --- adc-maas ---") + if forwarder: + out.append("\tdns forwarder = %s" % forwarder) + if iface: + out.append("\tinterfaces = lo %s" % iface) + out.append("\tbind interfaces only = yes") + # Windows clients still negotiate SMB2 at minimum; refuse SMB1 outright. + out.append("\tserver min protocol = SMB2_10") + out.append("\t# --- end adc-maas ---") + injected = True +open(path, "w").write("\n".join(out) + "\n") +PY +} + +link_krb5_conf() { + if [ -f /var/lib/samba/private/krb5.conf ]; then + cp -a /etc/krb5.conf "$STATE_DIR/krb5.conf.orig" 2>/dev/null || true + ln -sf /var/lib/samba/private/krb5.conf /etc/krb5.conf + fi +} + +stage_domain() { + is_done domain && return 0 + [ "$AD_MODE" = "none" ] && { log "AD_MODE=none, nothing to do"; mark_done domain; return 0; } + + local pw; pw="$(admin_password)" + [ -n "$AD_REALM" ] || { warn "AD_REALM is required"; return 1; } + [ -n "$AD_DOMAIN" ] || { warn "AD_DOMAIN (NetBIOS name) is required"; return 1; } + [ -n "$pw" ] || { warn "AD_ADMIN_PASSWORD is required"; return 1; } + + if [ -f /var/lib/samba/private/sam.ldb ]; then + log "this host already holds a domain database, skipping" + mark_done domain + return 0 + fi + + stop_samba_services + rm -f /etc/samba/smb.conf + + local -a rfc=() + [ "$AD_USE_RFC2307" = "true" ] && rfc=(--use-rfc2307) + + case "$AD_MODE" in + provision) + log "provisioning a new domain: realm=${AD_REALM} netbios=${AD_DOMAIN}" + if ! samba-tool domain provision \ + --realm="$AD_REALM" \ + --domain="$AD_DOMAIN" \ + --server-role=dc \ + --dns-backend="$AD_DNS_BACKEND" \ + --function-level="$AD_FUNCTION_LEVEL" \ + --adminpass="$pw" \ + "${rfc[@]}"; then + warn "samba-tool domain provision failed" + warn "a common cause is AD_ADMIN_PASSWORD not meeting complexity rules" + return 1 + fi + ;; + join) + local peer="$AD_JOIN_PEER" + if [ -n "$peer" ]; then + wait_for_peer "$peer" || { warn "${peer} did not answer on 389"; return 1; } + else + warn "AD_JOIN_PEER unset — relying on DNS to locate a DC" + fi + local i rc=1 + for ((i = 1; i <= AD_RETRIES; i++)); do + log "joining ${AD_REALM} as a domain controller (attempt ${i}/${AD_RETRIES})" + if samba-tool domain join "$AD_REALM" DC \ + -U"${AD_DOMAIN}\\${AD_JOIN_USER}" \ + --password="$pw" \ + --dns-backend="$AD_DNS_BACKEND" \ + --site="$AD_SITE"; then + rc=0; break + fi + warn "join failed, retrying in 30s" + sleep 30 + done + [ "$rc" -eq 0 ] || { warn "join failed after ${AD_RETRIES} attempts"; return 1; } + ;; + *) + warn "invalid AD_MODE=${AD_MODE}" + mark_done domain + return 0 + ;; + esac + + configure_smb_extras + link_krb5_conf + mark_done domain +} + +# --------------------------------------------------------------------------- +# services — Debian ships the standalone file-server daemons enabled; a DC runs +# a single samba daemon instead, and the two sets conflict. +# --------------------------------------------------------------------------- +stage_services() { + is_done services && return 0 + [ -f /var/lib/samba/private/sam.ldb ] || { mark_done services; return 0; } + + log "switching to the samba-ad-dc daemon" + systemctl disable --now smbd nmbd winbind >/dev/null 2>&1 || true + systemctl mask smbd nmbd winbind >/dev/null 2>&1 || true + systemctl unmask samba-ad-dc >/dev/null 2>&1 || true + systemctl enable --now samba-ad-dc >/dev/null 2>&1 || { + warn "samba-ad-dc did not start"; return 1; } + + # A DC serves its own domain's DNS; point the resolver at it now. + write_resolv 127.0.0.1 "$(realm_lower)" + mark_done services +} + +# --------------------------------------------------------------------------- +# sysvol — Samba implements neither DFS-R nor FRS, so SYSVOL (where Group +# Policy lives) does not replicate between DCs on its own. +# --------------------------------------------------------------------------- +stage_sysvol() { + is_done sysvol && return 0 + [ -f /var/lib/samba/private/sam.ldb ] || { mark_done sysvol; return 0; } + + local source="${AD_SYSVOL_SOURCE:-$AD_JOIN_PEER}" + local want="$AD_SYSVOL_SYNC" + [ "$want" = "auto" ] && { [ "$AD_MODE" = "join" ] && want=on || want=off; } + + if [ "$want" != "on" ]; then + log "SYSVOL replication not enabled on this host" + [ "$AD_MODE" = "provision" ] && \ + log "this DC is the replication source; additional DCs pull from it" + mark_done sysvol + return 0 + fi + if [ -z "$source" ]; then + warn "AD_SYSVOL_SOURCE unset and no join peer — SYSVOL will not replicate" + warn "Group Policy changes made on other DCs will not appear here" + mark_done sysvol + return 0 + fi + + log "enabling SYSVOL replication from ${source} every ${AD_SYSVOL_INTERVAL}" + cat > /etc/adc-maas/sysvol-sync.conf </dev/null || true + systemctl daemon-reload + systemctl enable --now adc-sysvol-sync.timer >/dev/null 2>&1 \ + || warn "could not enable adc-sysvol-sync.timer" + mark_done sysvol +} + +# --------------------------------------------------------------------------- +# selftest +# --------------------------------------------------------------------------- +stage_selftest() { + is_done selftest && return 0 + [ -f /var/lib/samba/private/sam.ldb ] || { mark_done selftest; return 0; } + + local ok=0 pw; pw="$(admin_password)" + + if samba-tool domain level show >/dev/null 2>&1; then + log "domain level: $(samba-tool domain level show 2>/dev/null | tr '\n' ' ')" + else + warn "samba-tool domain level show failed"; ok=1 + fi + + if command -v smbclient >/dev/null 2>&1; then + if smbclient -L localhost -N >/dev/null 2>&1; then + log "SMB responds; SYSVOL and NETLOGON should be listed" + else + warn "smbclient could not list shares"; ok=1 + fi + fi + + if [ -n "$pw" ] && command -v kinit >/dev/null 2>&1; then + if printf '%s' "$pw" | kinit "Administrator@${AD_REALM}" >/dev/null 2>&1; then + log "Kerberos: got a ticket for Administrator@${AD_REALM}" + kdestroy >/dev/null 2>&1 || true + else + warn "kinit failed — check the clock and the DNS records"; ok=1 + fi + fi + + [ "$ok" -eq 0 ] || warn "self-test reported problems; see the messages above" + mark_done selftest +} + +wipe_secrets() { + [ "$AD_WIPE_SECRETS" = "true" ] || return 0 + local f + for f in "$CONF_DIR"/conf.d/*.conf; do + [ -r "$f" ] || continue + grep -q 'AD_ADMIN_PASSWORD' "$f" || continue + log "scrubbing credentials from $f" + sed -i -E "s/^([[:space:]]*AD_ADMIN_PASSWORD=).*/\1''/" "$f" + done + if [ -n "$AD_ADMIN_PASSWORD_FILE" ] && [ -f "$AD_ADMIN_PASSWORD_FILE" ]; then + shred -u "$AD_ADMIN_PASSWORD_FILE" 2>/dev/null || rm -f "$AD_ADMIN_PASSWORD_FILE" + fi +} + +# --------------------------------------------------------------------------- +main() { + load_config + [ "$AD_ENABLED" = "true" ] || { log "AD_ENABLED=false, doing nothing"; exit 0; } + + log "starting (hostname=$(hostname -s))" + wait_for_cloud_init + load_config # cloud-init may have just written conf.d + + if ! wait_for_network; then + warn "no management address; will retry on the next boot" + exit 1 + fi + + local failed=0 + stage_hosts || failed=1 + stage_identity || failed=1 + stage_time || failed=1 + stage_resolver || failed=1 + stage_domain || failed=1 + stage_services || failed=1 + stage_sysvol || failed=1 + stage_selftest || failed=1 + + if [ "$failed" -eq 0 ] \ + && is_done hosts && is_done identity && is_done time && is_done resolver \ + && is_done domain && is_done services && is_done sysvol && is_done selftest; then + wipe_secrets + date -Is > "$STATE_DIR/complete" + log "all stages complete" + else + warn "some stages did not complete; the service retries on the next boot" + warn "details: journalctl -u adc-maas-init" + exit 1 + fi +} + +main "$@" diff --git a/overlay/usr/local/sbin/adc-sysvol-sync b/overlay/usr/local/sbin/adc-sysvol-sync new file mode 100755 index 0000000..1cc0630 --- /dev/null +++ b/overlay/usr/local/sbin/adc-sysvol-sync @@ -0,0 +1,72 @@ +#!/bin/bash +# Copyright (C) 2026 Ilker Manap +# SPDX-License-Identifier: AGPL-3.0-or-later +# +# adc-sysvol-sync - pulls SYSVOL from another domain controller. +# +# Samba implements neither DFS-R nor FRS, so the SYSVOL share — which holds +# Group Policy objects and logon scripts — does not replicate between domain +# controllers by itself. Without something like this, a policy created on one DC +# is invisible to clients that authenticate against another, and the domain +# silently behaves differently depending on which DC a client happened to reach. +# +# This is the rsync approach from the Samba wiki: pull from the DC holding the +# PDC Emulator FSMO role, then reset the POSIX ACLs from what is stored in AD. +# +# Configuration: /etc/adc-maas/sysvol-sync.conf (SYSVOL_SOURCE=) +# Authentication: root SSH key to the source DC. Provide one at deploy time; +# without it this exits with a clear message rather than failing silently. +set -uo pipefail + +CONF=/etc/adc-maas/sysvol-sync.conf +SYSVOL=/var/lib/samba/sysvol +LOG_TAG=adc-sysvol-sync + +log() { echo "[$LOG_TAG] $*"; logger -t "$LOG_TAG" -- "$*" 2>/dev/null || true; } +warn() { echo "[$LOG_TAG] WARN: $*" >&2; logger -t "$LOG_TAG" -p user.warning -- "$*" 2>/dev/null || true; } + +[ -r "$CONF" ] || { log "no $CONF, nothing to do"; exit 0; } +# shellcheck disable=SC1090 +. "$CONF" +: "${SYSVOL_SOURCE:?SYSVOL_SOURCE not set in $CONF}" + +[ -d "$SYSVOL" ] || { warn "$SYSVOL missing — is this host a DC?"; exit 1; } + +SSH_OPTS="-o BatchMode=yes -o StrictHostKeyChecking=accept-new -o ConnectTimeout=10" +if ! ssh $SSH_OPTS "root@${SYSVOL_SOURCE}" true 2>/dev/null; then + warn "cannot reach root@${SYSVOL_SOURCE} over SSH — SYSVOL is NOT replicating" + warn "install a root SSH key on this host that is authorised on ${SYSVOL_SOURCE}," + warn "or replicate SYSVOL by some other means. Group Policy will diverge until then." + exit 1 +fi + +# idmap.ldb decides which POSIX uid/gid each SID maps to. If it differs between +# DCs, the same file shows different ownership depending on which DC serves it. +# The Samba wiki calls syncing it a prerequisite, not an optimisation. +if [ ! -e /var/lib/adc-maas/idmap-synced ]; then + log "syncing idmap.ldb from ${SYSVOL_SOURCE} (one time)" + if rsync -a -e "ssh $SSH_OPTS" \ + "root@${SYSVOL_SOURCE}:/var/lib/samba/private/idmap.ldb" \ + /var/lib/samba/private/idmap.ldb; then + mkdir -p /var/lib/adc-maas && date -Is > /var/lib/adc-maas/idmap-synced + systemctl restart samba-ad-dc >/dev/null 2>&1 || true + else + warn "idmap.ldb sync failed; uid/gid mappings may differ between DCs" + fi +fi + +log "pulling SYSVOL from ${SYSVOL_SOURCE}" +if rsync -aAX --delete -e "ssh $SSH_OPTS" \ + "root@${SYSVOL_SOURCE}:${SYSVOL}/" "${SYSVOL}/"; then + # rsync carries POSIX bits; the Windows ACLs come from AD and have to be + # reapplied afterwards or clients get access-denied on Group Policy. + if samba-tool ntacl sysvolreset >/dev/null 2>&1; then + log "SYSVOL synced and ACLs reset" + else + warn "sysvolreset failed — clients may be denied access to Group Policy" + exit 1 + fi +else + warn "rsync failed" + exit 1 +fi diff --git a/scripts/ci/assemble-artifacts.sh b/scripts/ci/assemble-artifacts.sh new file mode 100755 index 0000000..46c5cfc --- /dev/null +++ b/scripts/ci/assemble-artifacts.sh @@ -0,0 +1,59 @@ +#!/bin/bash +# Copyright (C) 2026 Ilker Manap +# SPDX-License-Identifier: AGPL-3.0-or-later +# +# Moves the built image into dist/ under a release-friendly name and writes the +# checksum plus the corresponding-source offer that has to accompany a binary +# distribution of GPL/AGPL software. +# +# assemble-artifacts.sh +set -euo pipefail +cd "$(dirname "$0")/../.." + +VERSION="${1:?samba version required}" +OUT=$(make -s print-var VAR=OUTPUT) +ARCH=$(make -s print-var VAR=ARCH) +[ -f "$OUT" ] || { echo "built image not found: $OUT" >&2; exit 1; } + +# Named after what it is - a MAAS image carrying a Samba AD domain +# controller. Nothing here is a Microsoft or Samba product. +NAME="maas-image-samba-ad-${VERSION}-${ARCH}.tar.gz" + +rm -rf dist && mkdir -p dist +mv "$OUT" "dist/${NAME}" +( cd dist && sha256sum "$NAME" > "${NAME}.sha256" ) + +tar xzf "dist/${NAME}" -O ./etc/adc-maas/image-info > dist/image-info.txt 2>/dev/null \ + || echo "(no image-info found)" > dist/image-info.txt + +DEB_VER=$(make -s print-var VAR=DEBIAN_VERSION) +DEB_SUITE=$(make -s print-var VAR=DEBIAN_SERIES) +REPO_URL="${GITHUB_SERVER_URL:-}/${GITHUB_REPOSITORY:-}" + +{ + echo "# Corresponding source" + echo + echo "This image is an unmodified installation of packages from the archives listed" + echo "below. No package was patched. What is ours is the selection and the" + echo "configuration, and that is the entire content of the repository linked below." + echo + echo "Written offer, per GPLv2 section 3 and GPLv3 section 6: the complete" + echo "corresponding source for every package in this image is available from the" + echo "archive it was installed from, at the versions recorded in the image's own" + echo "package database (\`/var/lib/dpkg/status\`)." + echo + echo "| Component | Source |" + echo "|---|---|" + echo "| Debian ${DEB_VER} \"${DEB_SUITE}\" | — \`apt-get source \` |" + echo "| Build recipe | <${REPO_URL}> |" + echo + echo "Samba is GPLv3+; the Debian source package carries the full terms." + echo + echo "## Image metadata" + echo + echo '```' + cat dist/image-info.txt + echo '```' +} > dist/SOURCES.md + +ls -lh dist/ diff --git a/scripts/ci/decide-build.sh b/scripts/ci/decide-build.sh new file mode 100755 index 0000000..7ccd5ae --- /dev/null +++ b/scripts/ci/decide-build.sh @@ -0,0 +1,95 @@ +#!/bin/bash +# Copyright (C) 2026 Ilker Manap +# SPDX-License-Identifier: AGPL-3.0-or-later +# +# Decides whether a rebuild is worth doing, and prints the decision as +# key=value lines suitable for $GITHUB_OUTPUT. +# +# decide-build.sh [max-age-days] (default 30) +# +# A rebuild happens when any of these is true: +# +# 1. samba in the Debian suite differs from the published image +# 2. the kernel package differs — kernel security fixes do not bump samba +# 3. the newest release is older than max-age-days — most Debian security +# updates touch neither, so without a floor an image could sit unchanged +# for months while its openssl and glibc went stale +# +# Requires GITEA_API and GITEA_TOKEN in the environment. +set -euo pipefail +cd "$(dirname "$0")/../.." + +MAX_AGE_DAYS="${1:-30}" +: "${GITEA_API:?GITEA_API required}" +: "${GITEA_TOKEN:?GITEA_TOKEN required}" + +SUITE=$(make -s print-var VAR=DEBIAN_SERIES) +ARCH=$(make -s print-var VAR=ARCH) + +# Newest version of each package we care about, in one pass over the index. +PKGS=$(curl -fsS "http://deb.debian.org/debian/dists/${SUITE}/main/binary-${ARCH}/Packages.gz" | gunzip) +newest() { + printf '%s\n' "$PKGS" \ + | awk -v want="$1" '$1=="Package:" && $2==want {p=1; next} p && $1=="Version:" {print $2; p=0}' \ + | sort -V | tail -1 +} +UP_SAMBA=$(newest samba) +UP_KERNEL=$(newest "linux-image-${ARCH}") +[ -n "$UP_SAMBA" ] || { echo "samba not found in Debian ${SUITE}" >&2; exit 1; } +[ -n "$UP_KERNEL" ] || { echo "linux-image-${ARCH} not found" >&2; exit 1; } + +echo "upstream: samba=${UP_SAMBA} linux-image=${UP_KERNEL}" >&2 + +# What the newest published release actually contains. image-info.txt is a few +# hundred bytes and is published with every release, so this needs no guessing +# from tag names. +LATEST=$(curl -fsS -H "Authorization: token ${GITEA_TOKEN}" "${GITEA_API}/releases?limit=1") +INFO_URL=$(printf '%s' "$LATEST" | python3 -c ' +import json, sys +r = json.load(sys.stdin) +if r: + for a in r[0].get("assets", []): + if a["name"] == "image-info.txt": + print(a["browser_download_url"]); break +') +CREATED=$(printf '%s' "$LATEST" | python3 -c ' +import json, sys +r = json.load(sys.stdin); print(r[0]["created_at"] if r else "")') + +PREV_SAMBA="" PREV_KERNEL="" +if [ -n "$INFO_URL" ]; then + INFO=$(curl -fsSL "$INFO_URL" || true) + PREV_SAMBA=$(printf '%s' "$INFO" | awk -F= '$1=="samba"{print $2}') + PREV_KERNEL=$(printf '%s' "$INFO" | awk -F= '$1=="kernel"{print $2}') +fi +echo "published: samba=${PREV_SAMBA:-} kernel=${PREV_KERNEL:-}" >&2 + +AGE_DAYS=99999 +if [ -n "$CREATED" ]; then + AGE_DAYS=$(CREATED="$CREATED" python3 -c ' +import datetime, os +c = datetime.datetime.fromisoformat(os.environ["CREATED"].replace("Z", "+00:00")) +print((datetime.datetime.now(datetime.timezone.utc) - c).days)') + echo "newest release is ${AGE_DAYS} day(s) old" >&2 +fi + +BUILD=no +REASON="up to date" +if [ -z "$PREV_SAMBA" ]; then + BUILD=yes; REASON="no published image yet" +elif [ "$UP_SAMBA" != "$PREV_SAMBA" ]; then + BUILD=yes; REASON="samba ${PREV_SAMBA} -> ${UP_SAMBA}" +elif [ "$UP_KERNEL" != "$PREV_KERNEL" ]; then + BUILD=yes; REASON="kernel ${PREV_KERNEL} -> ${UP_KERNEL}" +elif [ "$AGE_DAYS" -ge "$MAX_AGE_DAYS" ]; then + BUILD=yes; REASON="image is ${AGE_DAYS} days old (limit ${MAX_AGE_DAYS}) — picking up Debian updates" +fi +echo "decision: ${BUILD} (${REASON})" >&2 + +printf 'build=%s\n' "$BUILD" +# Debian versions carry epochs and tildes; a tag cannot. +SAFE_VER=$(printf '%s' "$UP_SAMBA" | sed 's/^[0-9]*://; s/[^A-Za-z0-9._-]/-/g') +printf 'tag=%s\n' "samba-${SAFE_VER}-$(date -u +%Y%m%d)" +printf 'version=%s\n' "$SAFE_VER" +printf 'kernel=%s\n' "$UP_KERNEL" +printf 'reason=%s\n' "$REASON" diff --git a/scripts/ci/prune-releases.sh b/scripts/ci/prune-releases.sh new file mode 100755 index 0000000..8f41d27 --- /dev/null +++ b/scripts/ci/prune-releases.sh @@ -0,0 +1,29 @@ +#!/bin/bash +# Copyright (C) 2026 Ilker Manap +# SPDX-License-Identifier: AGPL-3.0-or-later +# +# Keeps the newest N releases and deletes the rest, tags included. +# Each image is ~1.5 GB, so unbounded retention fills the server. +# +# prune-releases.sh [keep] (default 3) +# +# Requires GITEA_API and GITEA_TOKEN in the environment. +set -euo pipefail + +KEEP="${1:-3}" +: "${GITEA_API:?GITEA_API required}" +: "${GITEA_TOKEN:?GITEA_TOKEN required}" + +curl -fsS -H "Authorization: token ${GITEA_TOKEN}" "${GITEA_API}/releases?limit=50" \ + | KEEP="$KEEP" python3 -c ' +import json, os, sys +keep = int(os.environ["KEEP"]) +for r in json.load(sys.stdin)[keep:]: + print(r["id"], r["tag_name"]) +' | while read -r id tag; do + echo "removing old release ${tag}" + curl -fsS -X DELETE -H "Authorization: token ${GITEA_TOKEN}" \ + "${GITEA_API}/releases/${id}" || true + curl -fsS -X DELETE -H "Authorization: token ${GITEA_TOKEN}" \ + "${GITEA_API}/tags/${tag}" || true +done diff --git a/scripts/ci/publish-release.sh b/scripts/ci/publish-release.sh new file mode 100755 index 0000000..6731b36 --- /dev/null +++ b/scripts/ci/publish-release.sh @@ -0,0 +1,81 @@ +#!/bin/bash +# Copyright (C) 2026 Ilker Manap +# SPDX-License-Identifier: AGPL-3.0-or-later +# +# Creates a Gitea release and uploads the image, its checksum and the +# corresponding-source offer. +# +# publish-release.sh +# +# Requires GITEA_API and GITEA_TOKEN in the environment. +set -euo pipefail + +TAG="${1:?tag required}" +VERSION="${2:?version required}" +DIST="${3:?dist directory required}" + +# DIST cagiranin dizinine goreli olabilir; repo kokune gecmeden once mutlaklastir. +DIST="$(cd "$DIST" && pwd)" +# make degiskenlerini okuyabilmek icin depo koku gerekiyor. +cd "$(dirname "$0")/../.." +: "${GITEA_API:?GITEA_API required}" +: "${GITEA_TOKEN:?GITEA_TOKEN required}" + +REPO_URL="${GITHUB_SERVER_URL:-}/${GITHUB_REPOSITORY:-}" +RUN="${GITHUB_RUN_NUMBER:-manual}" +SHA="${GITHUB_SHA:-}" +IMAGE=$(basename "$(ls "$DIST"/maas-image-*.tar.gz)") +MAAS_ARCH=$(make -s print-var VAR=MAAS_ARCH) +IMAGE_NAME=$(make -s print-var VAR=IMAGE_NAME) + +BODY=$(cat </dev/null +done + +echo "published: ${REPO_URL}/releases/tag/${TAG}" diff --git a/scripts/ci/upstream-version.sh b/scripts/ci/upstream-version.sh new file mode 100755 index 0000000..6db968a --- /dev/null +++ b/scripts/ci/upstream-version.sh @@ -0,0 +1,17 @@ +#!/bin/bash +# Copyright (C) 2026 Ilker Manap +# SPDX-License-Identifier: AGPL-3.0-or-later +# +# Prints the newest samba version in the configured Debian suite. +set -euo pipefail +cd "$(dirname "$0")/../.." + +SUITE=$(make -s print-var VAR=DEBIAN_SERIES) +ARCH=$(make -s print-var VAR=ARCH) + +VER=$(curl -fsS "http://deb.debian.org/debian/dists/${SUITE}/main/binary-${ARCH}/Packages.gz" \ + | gunzip \ + | awk '/^Package: samba$/{p=1; next} p && /^Version: /{print $2; p=0}' \ + | sort -V | tail -1) +[ -n "$VER" ] || { echo "samba not found in Debian ${SUITE}" >&2; exit 1; } +printf '%s\n' "$VER" diff --git a/scripts/customize-samba-ad.sh.in b/scripts/customize-samba-ad.sh.in new file mode 100644 index 0000000..41db776 --- /dev/null +++ b/scripts/customize-samba-ad.sh.in @@ -0,0 +1,247 @@ +#!/bin/bash +# Copyright (C) 2026 Ilker Manap +# SPDX-License-Identifier: AGPL-3.0-or-later +# +# customize-samba-ad.sh - runs inside the packer-maas build VM. +# +# Installs everything a Samba Active Directory domain controller needs on top of +# the Debian cloud image, then removes every trace of domain state so the image +# is generic. The domain itself is created or joined on first boot by +# adc-maas-init, driven by the cloud-init user-data MAAS supplies. +# +# This file is a template; the Makefile fills in the @@...@@ placeholders and +# appends the overlay archive, base64 encoded, after the marker at the end. +# +# Packer runs this with expect_disconnect = true. +set -euo pipefail + +DEBIAN_SUITE="@@DEBIAN_SERIES@@" +AD_EXTRA_PACKAGES="@@AD_EXTRA_PACKAGES@@" +PACKER_MAAS_REF="@@PM_REF@@" + +export DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive +APT="apt-get -y -o Dpkg::Options::=--force-confold -o Dpkg::Options::=--force-confdef" + +use_eatmydata() { + command -v eatmydata >/dev/null 2>&1 || return 0 + APT="eatmydata ${APT}" + log "eatmydata enabled (dpkg fsync calls disabled)" +} + +log() { echo "==> [ad-image] $*"; } + +# --------------------------------------------------------------------------- +# 1. Unpack the overlay embedded at the end of this script +# --------------------------------------------------------------------------- +log "unpacking the overlay" +sed -n '/^__ADC_MAAS_OVERLAY__$/,$p' "$0" | tail -n +2 | base64 -d \ + | tar xzf - -C / --no-same-owner --no-same-permissions +chown -R root:root /usr/local/sbin/adc-maas-init /usr/local/sbin/adc-sysvol-sync \ + /etc/adc-maas /etc/systemd/system/adc-maas-init.service \ + /etc/systemd/system/adc-sysvol-sync.service \ + /etc/systemd/system/adc-sysvol-sync.timer /curtin +chmod 0755 /usr/local/sbin/adc-maas-init /usr/local/sbin/adc-sysvol-sync +chmod 0755 /curtin /curtin/curtin-hooks +chmod 0644 /etc/adc-maas/adc-maas.conf +mkdir -p /etc/adc-maas/conf.d /var/lib/adc-maas + +# --------------------------------------------------------------------------- +# 2. The build hostname has to resolve while packages configure themselves +# --------------------------------------------------------------------------- +BUILD_HOST="$(hostname -s)" +BUILD_IP="$(ip -4 -o route get 1.1.1.1 2>/dev/null | awk '{for(i=1;i<=NF;i++) if($i=="src") print $(i+1)}' | head -1)" +: "${BUILD_IP:=127.0.1.1}" +log "build hostname=${BUILD_HOST} ip=${BUILD_IP}" +cp -a /etc/hosts /etc/hosts.ad-image-backup +sed -i "/[[:space:]]${BUILD_HOST}\([[:space:]]\|$\)/d" /etc/hosts +echo "${BUILD_IP} ${BUILD_HOST}.local ${BUILD_HOST}" >> /etc/hosts +hostname -f || echo "WARNING: hostname -f does not resolve" >&2 + +# --------------------------------------------------------------------------- +# 3. Keep the MAAS-compatible cloud-init packer-maas installed +# --------------------------------------------------------------------------- +log "holding the cloud-init package" +apt-mark hold cloud-init || true + +apt-get update +$APT install eatmydata || true +use_eatmydata + +log "full-upgrade" +$APT full-upgrade + +# --------------------------------------------------------------------------- +# 4. Answer the questions the packages would otherwise ask +# --------------------------------------------------------------------------- +# samba-common would offer to take WINS settings from DHCP, which is wrong for +# a DC. krb5-config wants a realm; the real one is not known until first boot, +# and adc-maas-init replaces /etc/krb5.conf with Samba's own anyway. +debconf-set-selections </dev/null +ln -sf /bin/true /usr/sbin/update-initramfs + +# --------------------------------------------------------------------------- +# 6. The domain controller itself +# +# What an Active Directory domain actually consists of, all of it served by the +# single samba daemon unless noted: +# +# LDAP the directory: users, groups, computers, policy links +# Kerberos the KDC that issues the tickets clients authenticate with +# DNS AD is unusable without it — clients find DCs through SRV records +# SMB the SYSVOL and NETLOGON shares, where Group Policy lives +# NTP chrony; Kerberos rejects a clock skew over five minutes +# --------------------------------------------------------------------------- +log "installing the Samba AD domain controller" +$APT install \ + samba samba-ad-dc samba-ad-provision samba-dsdb-modules \ + winbind libnss-winbind libpam-winbind \ + smbclient ldb-tools \ + krb5-user \ + chrony \ + rsync + +if [ -n "${AD_EXTRA_PACKAGES}" ]; then + log "installing extra packages: ${AD_EXTRA_PACKAGES}" + # shellcheck disable=SC2086 + $APT install ${AD_EXTRA_PACKAGES} +fi + +log "installed versions:" +dpkg-query -W -f='${Package} ${Version}\n' samba samba-ad-dc winbind krb5-user chrony || true + +# Confirm this Samba can actually be a DC. Debian builds Samba against its +# bundled Heimdal; a build against system MIT Kerberos would make the AD DC role +# experimental, and samba-ad-dc would then pull in krb5-kdc. +if dpkg-query -W -f='${Depends}' samba-ad-dc 2>/dev/null | grep -q 'krb5-kdc'; then + echo "ERROR: this samba-ad-dc depends on the MIT KDC; the AD DC role is" >&2 + echo " experimental in that configuration and is not used here." >&2 + exit 1 +fi +log "samba-ad-dc uses the bundled Heimdal KDC (the supported configuration)" + +# --------------------------------------------------------------------------- +# 6b. Swap the cloud kernel for the generic one +# +# The Debian cloud image ships linux-image-cloud-amd64, which is built for +# virtual machines and leaves out most physical-hardware drivers. This image is +# deployed to bare metal by MAAS, so it needs the generic kernel or the node may +# come up with no disk or no network. curtin does not install a kernel here +# (see /curtin/curtin-hooks), so whatever is in the image is what boots. +# --------------------------------------------------------------------------- +DEB_ARCH="$(dpkg --print-architecture)" +log "installing the generic kernel (linux-image-${DEB_ARCH})" +$APT install "linux-image-${DEB_ARCH}" + +CLOUD_KERNELS="$(dpkg-query -W -f='${Package}\n' 'linux-image-*cloud*' 2>/dev/null | grep -E '^linux-image' || true)" +if [ -n "${CLOUD_KERNELS}" ]; then + log "removing the cloud-only kernel: ${CLOUD_KERNELS}" + # shellcheck disable=SC2086 + $APT purge ${CLOUD_KERNELS} || true +fi +$APT autoremove --purge || true + +log "restoring update-initramfs and running it once" +rm -f /usr/sbin/update-initramfs +dpkg-divert --local --rename --remove /usr/sbin/update-initramfs >/dev/null +update-initramfs -u -k all +update-grub + +# --------------------------------------------------------------------------- +# 7. Remove every trace of a domain +# +# Installing the packages leaves a default smb.conf and can leave TDB state. If +# any of it shipped in the image, every machine deployed from it would start +# from the same half-configured directory, and `samba-tool domain provision` +# would refuse to run at all. +# --------------------------------------------------------------------------- +log "clearing domain state so the image is generic" +systemctl stop samba-ad-dc smbd nmbd winbind 2>/dev/null || true +rm -f /etc/samba/smb.conf +rm -rf /var/lib/samba/private/* /var/lib/samba/sysvol/* +find /var/lib/samba -maxdepth 1 -name '*.tdb' -delete 2>/dev/null || true +find /var/cache/samba -type f -delete 2>/dev/null || true +rm -f /etc/krb5.keytab + +# The standalone file-server daemons conflict with the AD DC daemon. Mask them +# now; adc-maas-init unmasks and starts samba-ad-dc once a domain exists. +systemctl disable smbd nmbd winbind 2>/dev/null || true +systemctl mask smbd nmbd winbind 2>/dev/null || true +systemctl disable samba-ad-dc 2>/dev/null || true + +# Node-unique, must not be shared between machines built from this image. +rm -f /etc/iscsi/initiatorname.iscsi +rm -f /root/.ssh/known_hosts /etc/ssh/ssh_known_hosts + +# --------------------------------------------------------------------------- +# 8. Leave the network to MAAS on the first boot +# +# ifupdown/ifupdown2 writes the build VM's interface name into +# /etc/network/interfaces. On a deployed node MAAS configures the network +# through netplan and systemd-networkd; if ifupdown also starts, it takes the +# real interface down using that stale definition and the node loses its network +# before any of our automation runs. +# --------------------------------------------------------------------------- +log "disabling networking.service (MAAS owns the network on first boot)" +cat > /etc/network/interfaces <<'EOF' +# Left deliberately minimal. The network on a deployed node is configured by +# MAAS through netplan and systemd-networkd. +auto lo +iface lo inet loopback + +source /etc/network/interfaces.d/* +EOF +rm -f /etc/network/interfaces.d/* /etc/network/interfaces.new 2>/dev/null || true +systemctl disable networking.service 2>/dev/null || true + +# --------------------------------------------------------------------------- +# 9. First-boot service, persistent logs, image metadata +# --------------------------------------------------------------------------- +log "enabling adc-maas-init.service" +systemctl daemon-reload +systemctl enable adc-maas-init.service + +# The first boot can reboot once, and a volatile journal loses everything that +# happened before it — including why a stage failed. +log "enabling a persistent journal" +mkdir -p /var/log/journal +systemd-tmpfiles --create --prefix /var/log/journal 2>/dev/null || true + +log "writing /etc/adc-maas/image-info" +{ + echo "build_date=$(date -u +%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%SZ)" + echo "debian_suite=${DEBIAN_SUITE}" + echo "packer_maas_ref=${PACKER_MAAS_REF}" + dpkg-query -W -f='${Package}=${Version}\n' samba samba-ad-dc winbind krb5-user 2>/dev/null + echo "kernel=$(ls -1 /boot/vmlinuz-* 2>/dev/null | sed 's|.*/vmlinuz-||' | head -1)" +} > /etc/adc-maas/image-info +cat /etc/adc-maas/image-info + +# --------------------------------------------------------------------------- +# 10. Clean up +# --------------------------------------------------------------------------- +log "cleaning up" +mv /etc/hosts.ad-image-backup /etc/hosts +$APT clean +rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/* +find /var/log/journal -mindepth 1 -delete 2>/dev/null || true +rm -rf /var/log/*.gz /var/log/*.1 +: > /var/log/wtmp || true +: > /var/log/btmp || true +cloud-init clean --logs || true + +log "image ready: Samba AD DC on Debian ${DEBIAN_SUITE}" +exit 0 + +# Everything after this marker is the base64 overlay archive the Makefile appends. diff --git a/scripts/install-deps.sh b/scripts/install-deps.sh new file mode 100755 index 0000000..d106eb0 --- /dev/null +++ b/scripts/install-deps.sh @@ -0,0 +1,65 @@ +#!/bin/bash +# Copyright (C) 2026 Ilker Manap +# SPDX-License-Identifier: AGPL-3.0-or-later +# +# install-deps.sh - Ubuntu 22.04+ build host'una packer-maas bagimliliklarini kurar. +# +# Kullanim: sudo ./scripts/install-deps.sh +# +set -euo pipefail + +if [ "$(id -u)" -ne 0 ]; then + echo "Bu script root olarak calistirilmali: sudo $0" >&2 + exit 1 +fi + +. /etc/os-release +if [ "${ID:-}" != "ubuntu" ] && [ "${ID_LIKE:-}" != "debian" ]; then + echo "UYARI: Bu script Ubuntu/Debian icin yazildi (bulunan: ${PRETTY_NAME:-bilinmiyor})." >&2 +fi + +export DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive + +echo "==> Temel paketler kuruluyor" +apt-get update +apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends \ + ca-certificates curl gpg git make parted pigz jq \ + qemu-system-x86 qemu-utils ovmf cloud-image-utils \ + libnbd-bin nbdkit fuse2fs cpu-checker + +# arm64 hedefi icin ek paketler. Varsayilan olarak kurulmaz: x86_64 host'ta +# arm64 derlemek TCG emulasyonu demektir (KVM yok) ve cok yavastir. Bu yol +# hic denenmedi - README'deki "Verified status" bolumune bakin. +if [ "${WITH_ARM64:-0}" = "1" ]; then + echo "==> arm64 hedefi icin ek paketler (WITH_ARM64=1)" + apt-get install -y --no-install-recommends qemu-system-arm qemu-efi-aarch64 +fi + +echo "==> HashiCorp APT deposu ekleniyor (packer)" +install -d -m 0755 /etc/apt/keyrings +curl -fsSL https://apt.releases.hashicorp.com/gpg \ + | gpg --dearmor --yes -o /etc/apt/keyrings/hashicorp-archive-keyring.gpg +chmod 0644 /etc/apt/keyrings/hashicorp-archive-keyring.gpg +cat > /etc/apt/sources.list.d/hashicorp.list < KVM kontrolu" +if ! kvm-ok; then + echo "HATA: KVM kullanilamiyor. VM'de nested virtualization acik mi? (Proxmox: cpu=host)" >&2 + exit 1 +fi + +# Build root olarak kosuyor ama kullaniciyi da kvm grubuna alalim. +TARGET_USER="${SUDO_USER:-}" +if [ -n "$TARGET_USER" ] && [ "$TARGET_USER" != "root" ]; then + adduser "$TARGET_USER" kvm >/dev/null 2>&1 || true +fi + +echo +echo "==> Hazir. Surumler:" +packer version +qemu-system-x86_64 --version | head -1 diff --git a/scripts/verify-image.sh b/scripts/verify-image.sh new file mode 100755 index 0000000..45808a2 --- /dev/null +++ b/scripts/verify-image.sh @@ -0,0 +1,106 @@ +#!/bin/bash +# Copyright (C) 2026 Ilker Manap +# SPDX-License-Identifier: AGPL-3.0-or-later +# +# verify-image.sh - checks that the produced MAAS tarball contains what it should. +# +# Kullanim: ./scripts/verify-image.sh build/samba-ad-dc.tar.gz +# +set -uo pipefail + +IMG="${1:-}" +[ -n "$IMG" ] && [ -f "$IMG" ] || { echo "Usage: $0 " >&2; exit 2; } + +TMP="$(mktemp -d)" +trap 'rm -rf "$TMP"' EXIT + +echo "==> Imaj: $IMG ($(du -h "$IMG" | cut -f1))" +echo "==> Icerik listesi cikariliyor..." +tar tzf "$IMG" > "$TMP/list" || { echo "HATA: arsiv okunamadi"; exit 1; } +echo " $(wc -l < "$TMP/list") giris" + +pass=0; fail=0 +have() { grep -qx "\./$1" "$TMP/list" || grep -q "^\./$1$" "$TMP/list"; } +present() { grep -q "^\./$1" "$TMP/list"; } + +check() { + local desc="$1" cond="$2" + if eval "$cond"; then + printf ' [ OK ] %s\n' "$desc"; pass=$((pass+1)) + else + printf ' [FAIL] %s\n' "$desc"; fail=$((fail+1)) + fi +} + +echo +echo "=== Files that must be present ===" +check "adc-maas-init" 'present "usr/local/sbin/adc-maas-init"' +check "adc-sysvol-sync" 'present "usr/local/sbin/adc-sysvol-sync"' +check "adc-maas.conf" 'present "etc/adc-maas/adc-maas.conf"' +check "image-info" 'present "etc/adc-maas/image-info"' +check "adc-maas-init.service" 'present "etc/systemd/system/adc-maas-init.service"' +check "unit enabled for multi-user.target" 'present "etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/adc-maas-init.service"' +check "adc-sysvol-sync.timer" 'present "etc/systemd/system/adc-sysvol-sync.timer"' +check "curtin-hooks" 'present "curtin/curtin-hooks"' +check "samba daemon" 'present "usr/sbin/samba"' +check "samba-tool" 'present "usr/bin/samba-tool"' +check "winbindd" 'present "usr/sbin/winbindd"' +check "smbclient" 'present "usr/bin/smbclient"' +check "chronyd (Kerberos needs the clock)" 'present "usr/sbin/chronyd"' +check "rsync (SYSVOL replication)" 'present "usr/bin/rsync"' +check "cloud-init" 'present "usr/bin/cloud-init"' +check "generic kernel (not the cloud one)" 'grep -qE "^\\./boot/vmlinuz-.*-(amd64|arm64)$" "$TMP/list"' + +echo +echo "=== Files that must NOT be present ===" +check "no smb.conf (image carries no domain)" '! present "etc/samba/smb.conf"' +check "no directory database (sam.ldb)" '! present "var/lib/samba/private/sam.ldb"' +check "no secrets.tdb" '! present "var/lib/samba/private/secrets.tdb"' +check "no krb5.keytab" '! present "etc/krb5.keytab"' +check "no iSCSI initiator name" '! present "etc/iscsi/initiatorname.iscsi"' +check "no SSH host keys" '! grep -qE "^\\./etc/ssh/ssh_host_.*_key$" "$TMP/list"' +check "networking.service NOT enabled" '! present "etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/networking.service"' +check "no interfaces.new" '! present "etc/network/interfaces.new"' +check "no cloud-only kernel" '! grep -qE "^\\./boot/vmlinuz-.*-cloud-(amd64|arm64)$" "$TMP/list"' + +echo +echo "=== Kernel ===" +if grep -qE '^\./boot/vmlinuz-.*-(amd64|arm64)$' "$TMP/list"; then + printf ' [ OK ] generic kernel: %s\n' "$(grep -oE 'vmlinuz-[^ ]*' "$TMP/list" | head -1)" + pass=$((pass+1)) +else + printf ' [FAIL] no generic (non-cloud) kernel under /boot\n'; fail=$((fail+1)) +fi + +echo +echo "==> Ayiklanan dosya icerikleri" +tar xzf "$IMG" -C "$TMP" \ + ./usr/local/sbin/adc-maas-init \ + ./etc/adc-maas/adc-maas.conf ./etc/adc-maas/image-info 2>/dev/null + +tar xzf "$IMG" -C "$TMP" ./etc/network/interfaces 2>/dev/null +if [ -f "$TMP/etc/network/interfaces" ]; then + echo "--- /etc/network/interfaces ---" + sed 's/^/ /' "$TMP/etc/network/interfaces" + if grep -qE '^\s*(auto|iface)\s+(?!lo)' "$TMP/etc/network/interfaces" 2>/dev/null \ + || grep -qE '^[[:space:]]*iface[[:space:]]+[^l ]' "$TMP/etc/network/interfaces"; then + printf ' [FAIL] interfaces dosyasinda build VM artigi arayuz var\n'; fail=$((fail+1)) + else + printf ' [ OK ] interfaces yalnizca loopback iceriyor\n'; pass=$((pass+1)) + fi +fi + +if [ -f "$TMP/etc/adc-maas/image-info" ]; then + echo "--- image-info ---" + sed 's/^/ /' "$TMP/etc/adc-maas/image-info" +fi + +if [ -x "$TMP/usr/local/sbin/adc-maas-init" ]; then + printf ' [ OK ] adc-maas-init is executable\n'; pass=$((pass+1)) +else + printf ' [FAIL] adc-maas-init is not executable\n'; fail=$((fail+1)) +fi + +echo +echo "==> Result: ${pass} passed, ${fail} failed" +[ "$fail" -eq 0 ]